Definition

Noun: * Object: In grammar, the part of a sentence (typically a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase) that receives the action of a transitive verb or is affected by a preposition. It answers the questions "what?" or "whom?" in relation to the verb.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Trong câu "Tôi đọc sách", từ "sách" là tân ngữ. (In the sentence "I read a book," the word "book" is the object.)
  • Động từ "yêu" thường cần có một tân ngữ đi kèm. (The verb "to love" usually requires an object to follow it.)
  • "Cô ấy" trong câu "Anh ấy tặng hoa cho cô ấy" là tân ngữ của giới từ "cho". ("Her" in the sentence "He gives flowers to her" is the object of the preposition "to.")

Advanced Usage

• Direct Object (Tân ngữ trực tiếp): The primary object that directly receives the action of the verb.
  • Tôi mua một chiếc xe đạp. (I bought a bicycle.)
• Indirect Object (Tân ngữ gián tiếp): The object that indicates to whom or for whom the action is done, often appearing with a direct object.
  • Tôi mua cho em tôi một chiếc xe đạp. (I bought for my younger sibling a bicycle.)

Variants and Related Words

• Bổ ngữ (Complement): A broader grammatical term that includes objects but also other elements that complete the meaning of a verb or adjective. Historically, "tân ngữ" was also referred to as "bổ ngữ" in older Vietnamese grammar.
• Chủ ngữ (Subject): The part of a sentence that performs the action of the verb.
• Vị ngữ (Predicate): The part of a sentence that contains the verb and provides information about the subject.

Synonyms

• Object (in English grammar context).
• Complément d'objet (in French grammar context).

Related Phrases / Idioms

• Động từ cần tân ngữ (Transitive Verb): A verb that requires a direct object to complete its meaning.
  • "Xây", "viết", "tìm" là những động từ cần tân ngữ. ("To build," "to write," "to find" are transitive verbs.)
• Động từ không cần tân ngữ (Intransitive Verb): A verb that does not require a direct object.
  • "Ngủ", "cười", "đến" là những động từ không cần tân ngữ. ("To sleep," "to laugh," "to arrive" are intransitive verbs.)

noun

1. object