tannin

/'tænin/
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tannin

The winemaker explains how tannin gives the red wine its structure.

Definition
  1. Noun:
    • A type of complex phenolic compound found in plants: "Tannin" refers to any of various naturally occurring, astringent chemical substances derived from plants. These compounds are characterized by their ability to bind to and precipitate proteins.
    • A substance used in tanning and medicine: Historically and industrially, tannins are crucial for converting animal hides into leather (tanning) and have applications in traditional and modern medicine due to their astringent properties.
Usage Examples
  • Noun:
    • The bitterness in red wine is often due to the presence of tannin from grape skins.
    • Oak barrels impart tannin to the whiskey during the aging process.
    • Traditional leather production relies on extracting tannin from tree bark.
Advanced Usage

  • "Tannin content": A phrase used to describe the amount or concentration of tannins in a substance, such as tea, wine, or fruit.

    • The high tannin content in this black tea gives it a strong, dry mouthfeel.

  • "Hydrolyzable tannin" vs. "Condensed tannin": Technical terms classifying tannins based on their chemical structure and behavior.

    • Hydrolyzable tannins, like those found in oak galls, break down in water to release gallic acid.
Variants and Related Words

  • Tannic (adj): Relating to, containing, or derived from tannin.

    • The river had a tannic acid stain from the fallen leaves.

  • Tannate (n): A salt or ester of tannic acid.

Synonyms
  • Polyphenol: A broader class of plant compounds that includes tannins.
  • Astringent: A substance that causes contraction of body tissues; describes the primary sensory effect of tannins.
Related Phrases

  • "To be rich in tannins": Describes a substance containing a significant amount of tannin.

    • Young, bold red wines are typically rich in tannins.

  • "Tannin extraction": The process of obtaining tannins from plant material.

    • The temperature and duration of steeping affect tannin extraction in tea.
Related Idioms

(Note: As a specific chemical term, "tannin" itself is not commonly used in idiomatic expressions. Idioms would more likely involve the related concept of "tanning" or the sensory effect "astringent.")

tannin

The winemaker explains how tannin gives the red wine its structure.

Noun
  1. any of various complex phenolic substances of plant origin; used in tanning and in medicine

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