Definition

1. Adjective:
   • Rolling, undulating in a continuous, overlapping series: Describes a landscape, typically hills or mountains, that appears as a long, continuous succession of uneven, wave-like forms. It emphasizes the visual effect of multiple layers or rows extending one after another, creating a sense of endless, rhythmic repetition with varying heights.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:
  • Nhìn từ trên cao, những dãy núi trập trùng ẩn hiện trong mây. (Viewed from above, the rolling mountain ranges appeared and disappeared within the clouds.)
  • Cánh đồng lúa trập trùng như những lớp sóng xanh. (The rice fields rolled like waves of green.)
  • Phong cảnh nơi đây với đồi núi trập trùng thật hùng vĩ. (The scenery here with its undulating hills and mountains is truly majestic.)

Advanced Usage

• "trập trùng trùng điệp": An intensified phrase combining trập trùng with trùng điệp (layer upon layer). It describes a landscape that is not just rolling but also appears in countless, densely packed, overlapping layers, creating an even more impressive and vast visual effect.
  • Trước mắt chúng tôi là những dãy núi trập trùng trùng điệp. (Before our eyes were mountains rolling in endless, overlapping layers.)

Variants and Related Words

• Trùng trùng (adj): Often used similarly to mean "layer upon layer" or "in endless succession," frequently for crowds or objects, but can also apply to landscapes. It emphasizes multiplicity and repetition.
  • Đoàn người tiến về phía trước trùng trùng điệp điệp. (The procession of people advanced forward in endless, dense ranks.)
• Gợn sóng (v): To ripple, to undulate (like water). While trập trùng often describes large landforms, gợn sóng describes smaller, wave-like motions on a surface.
• Nhấp nhô (adj): Uneven, rising and falling. It describes a similar unevenness but often on a smaller, more irregular scale than the vast, continuous waves implied by trập trùng.

Synonyms

• Lô nhô: Jagged, uneven (often for smaller, protruding shapes like rocks).
• Chập chùng: Poetic variant, essentially synonymous with trập trùng, evoking a dreamy, wave-like quality.

Related Phrases and Idioms

• Núi non trập trùng: A common collocation meaning "rolling mountains."
• Sóng nước trập trùng: A poetic phrase describing rolling/undulating waves on water, extending the use beyond landforms.

adj

1. rolling