tục

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The Vietnamese word "tục" has several meanings and uses, which can be categorized mainly as a noun and an adjective. Here’s a breakdown for you:

Meanings and Usage

1. As a Noun:

   • Practice / Custom: "Tục" refers to traditional practices or customs that are commonly followed by a community or society. It can be related to cultural rituals, social behaviors, or ways of doing things that have been passed down through generations.

2. As an Adjective:

   • Worldly / Secular: In this context, "tục" describes something that is not religious or spiritual, but rather related to everyday life and material concerns.
   • Vulgar / Coarse: "Tục" can also mean something that is crude, indecent, or lacking in refinement. This usage often applies to language or behavior that is considered inappropriate.

Advanced Usage

• In more advanced contexts, you might see "tục" used in phrases that discuss cultural norms or societal expectations. For example, "tục ngữ" refers to proverbs or sayings that express traditional wisdom.
• Additionally, in literature or discussions about morality, "tục" can be used to critique behaviors or practices that are deemed inappropriate by societal standards.

Word Variants

• Tục lệ: Customs or traditions.
• Tục ngữ: Proverbs or sayings that convey traditional wisdom.
• Tục tĩu: Referring to something very vulgar or obscene.

Different Meanings

• Cultural Context: The meaning of "tục" can vary based on the context in which it is used, particularly in discussions about cultural practices versus discussions about manners or language.
• Neutral vs. Negative Connotation: While "tục" as a noun for customs can have a neutral or positive connotation, when used as an adjective to describe language or behavior, it often carries a negative connotation.

Synonyms

• For "tục" as a noun (custom):

  • Phong tục: Customs or traditions, often with a more formal or positive connotation.

• For "tục" as an adjective (vulgar):

  • Thô tục: Crude or coarse, which emphasizes a lack of refinement.
  • Khiếm nhã: Indecent or impolite, often used to describe language or behavior that is disrespectful.

Summary

In summary, "tục" is a versatile word in Vietnamese that can refer to customs and practices or describe something as worldly or vulgar.

Academic

noun

1. practice, custom

adj

1. worldly, secular vulgar, coarse