vulgar

/'vʌlgə/

Học thuật

Thân thiện

A comedian told a vulgar joke that made the audience groan.

Definition

Adjective:
- Lacking sophistication or good taste; coarse and offensive: "vulgar" describes something that is indecent, crude, or offensive in a way that shows a lack of refinement or sensitivity to what is considered proper.
- Of or relating to the common people; vernacular: "vulgar" can refer to the language or customs of ordinary people, as opposed to the learned or elite. This meaning is often historical or technical.
- Commonplace or ordinary: In a dated or specialized sense, "vulgar" can mean something that is common or prevalent.

Usage and Examples

As an adjective (lacking taste/refinement):
- He told a vulgar joke that offended many people at the dinner party.
- The graffiti was criticized for its vulgar language and imagery.
- She found his loud and vulgar behavior at the concert embarrassing.
As an adjective (relating to common language/people):
- The poet chose to write in the vulgar tongue so that more people could understand his work.
- "Ain't" was once considered a vulgarism, a feature of vulgar speech.
As an adjective (commonplace - dated):
- In earlier centuries, scholars distinguished between Latin and the vulgar languages of Europe.

Advanced Usage and Nuances

"The vulgar" (noun, plural): A collective term for ordinary people, the masses. This usage is now archaic and can carry a condescending tone.
- The aristocracy often looked down upon the tastes of the vulgar.
"Vulgar fraction" (mathematics): A simple fraction where the numerator and denominator are both integers (e.g., ½, ¾), as opposed to a decimal fraction. This is a standard technical term.
- Please express your answer as a vulgar fraction.

Variants and Related Words

Vulgarly (adverb): In a vulgar manner.
- He was vulgarly dressed for the formal event.
Vulgarity (noun): The quality or state of being vulgar; a vulgar act or expression.
- The vulgarity of his comments was shocking.
- She was tired of the constant vulgarities in the film.
Vulgarism (noun): A word or expression that is considered coarse or unrefined.
- Some grammarians still classify certain contractions as vulgarisms.
Vulgarize (verb): To make vulgar or common; to debase.
- Critics accused the media of vulgarizing the serious issue.

Synonyms

Coarse: Rough or harsh in texture or manner; lacking refinement.
Crude: In a natural or raw state; not processed or refined; also, offensively direct or simple.
Uncouth: Lacking good manners, refinement, or grace.
Tasteless: Lacking aesthetic or social taste.
Common (in the sense of lacking refinement): Of the ordinary kind; not distinguished by superior qualities.
Vernacular (for the language sense): The language or dialect spoken by the ordinary people of a country or region.

Antonyms

Refined: Elegant and cultured in appearance, manner, or taste.
Polished: Refined, sophisticated, or elegant.
Cultured: Characterized by refined taste and manners and good education.
Decorous: In keeping with good taste and propriety; polite and restrained.
Genteel: Polite, refined, or respectable, often in an affected or exaggerated way.

Idioms and Fixed Phrases

Vulgar display of wealth/power: An ostentatious and tasteless show of one's riches or influence, intended to impress others but often perceived as crass.
- The mansion's gold-plated fixtures were seen as a vulgar display of wealth.

A comedian told a vulgar joke that made the audience groan.

Adjective

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