amide
/'æmaid/ Cách viết khác : (amidin) /'æmidin/
Definition
- Noun:
- Any organic compound containing the group -CONH₂: In chemistry, an amide is a specific type of organic molecule characterized by a carbonyl group (C=O) linked to a nitrogen atom (N). The simplest amides have the structure R-CONH₂, where R is an organic group.
Usage and Examples
- Noun:
- Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked by amide bonds. (This explains that the connections in proteins are a specific type of amide linkage.)
- Nylon is a synthetic polymer containing repeating amide units. (This indicates that amide groups are a fundamental part of the nylon material's structure.)
- The chemist synthesized a new amide in the laboratory. (This describes the creation of a compound belonging to the amide class.)
Advanced Usage and Context
- In Biochemistry: The amide linkage between amino acids is specifically called a peptide bond. It is the crucial chemical bond that forms the backbone of all proteins.
- In Polymer Science: Polyamides are a major class of polymers where the repeating units are connected by amide links. Examples include natural polymers like silk and synthetic ones like Kevlar.
Variants and Related Words
- Amide Group (n): The functional group (-CONH₂) itself.
- Polyamide (n): A polymer containing amide linkages as a key part of its main chain.
- Peptide (n): A short chain of amino acids linked by amide (peptide) bonds.
- Amidine (n): A related class of organic compounds with the structure RC(=NR)NR₂, often mentioned in advanced organic chemistry contexts.
Synonyms
- Carboxamide: A more systematic chemical name, especially for compounds of the form R-CONH₂.
- Peptide linkage: A specific synonym used in biochemistry for the amide bond in proteins.
Related Phrases and Concepts
- Amide bond formation: The chemical reaction that creates an amide, often between a carboxylic acid and an amine.
- Hydrolysis of an amide: The chemical breakdown of an amide, typically using water, acid, or base, to yield a carboxylic acid and an amine.
Noun
-
any organic compound containing the group -CONH2
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