austerity

/ɔ:s'teriti/ Cách viết khác : (austereness) /ɔ:s'tiənis/
Học thuật
Thân thiện
Definition
  1. Noun:
    • Severity of manner or life; strictness and lack of indulgence or luxury: The quality or practice of living in a simple and plain way, avoiding comfort, pleasure, or excess.
    • A stern, strict, or forbidding quality: A severe or grim appearance, character, or effect.
    • A policy or condition of economic difficulty, typically involving reduced public spending: A difficult economic situation created by government measures to reduce a budget deficit, often by raising taxes and cutting spending.
Examples of Usage
  • Noun (General Character/Quality):
    • The monk's life was one of extreme austerity.
    • Her face had an austerity that discouraged casual conversation.
  • Noun (Economic Policy):
    • The government introduced a series of austerity measures to tackle the debt crisis.
    • Years of austerity have led to cuts in public services.
Advanced Usage
  • "To practice austerity": To live in a deliberately simple and frugal manner.
    • He practiced austerity, owning very few personal possessions.
  • "An age of austerity": A period characterized by economic restrictions and frugality.
    • The post-war period was an age of austerity for many countries.
Variants and Related Words
  • Austere (adj): Severe or strict in manner, attitude, or appearance; having no comforts or luxuries; very plain.
    • The room was furnished with austere simplicity.
  • Austerely (adv): In a severe, stern, or plain manner.
    • He lived austerely in a small cabin.
Synonyms
  • Severity: The fact or condition of being severe.
  • Strictness: The quality or condition of being stringent or rigorous.
  • Frugality: The quality of being economical with money or food; thriftiness.
  • Asceticism: Severe self-discipline and avoidance of all forms of indulgence, typically for religious reasons.
Antonyms
  • Luxury: A state of great comfort or elegance, especially when involving great expense.
  • Indulgence: The action or fact of indulging in something, especially pleasure.
  • Extravagance: Lack of restraint in spending money or using resources.
Related Phrases and Concepts
  • Austerity measures: Official actions taken by a government to reduce its budget deficit during a financial crisis, typically involving spending cuts and/or tax increases.
    • The proposed austerity measures sparked widespread protests.
  • Fiscal austerity: The same as "austerity measures," emphasizing the financial policy aspect.
    • The country's fiscal austerity program was a condition for receiving an international loan.
Noun
  1. the trait of great self-denial (especially refraining from worldly pleasures)

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