Definition

1. Noun:
   • A type of tree: A large tropical fig tree (Ficus benghalensis) native to the Indian subcontinent, known for its aerial roots that grow down from its branches to form additional trunks.
   • A type of garment: A loose jacket or gown, originally worn in India.

Examples of Usage

• Noun (Tree):
  • The old banian in the village square provides shade for the entire market.
  • The complex structure of the banian is formed by its prop roots.
• Noun (Garment):
  • The merchant wore a simple white banian over his clothes.
  • In historical accounts, a banian was described as a comfortable indoor garment.

Advanced Usage

• The term "banian" is an older spelling variant of the more common modern word "banyan", especially when referring to the tree.
• In historical trade contexts, a "banian" could also refer to a Hindu trader or merchant, particularly from Gujarat, who worked with European companies. This usage is now archaic.

Variants and Related Words

• Banyan (n): The modern, more common spelling for the tree. ()
• Banyan tree (n phrase): A full term for the .

Synonyms

• Fig tree: A general term for trees of the genus , which includes the banian/banyan.
• Robe, gown: General terms for loose, flowing garments, similar to a banian jacket.

Notes on Different Meanings

• The two primary meanings (tree and garment) are historically connected through India, the origin of both the tree and the style of clothing.
• The "tree" meaning is vastly more common in contemporary English. The "garment" meaning is largely historical or found in specific historical texts.

Noun

1. a loose fitting jacket; originally worn in India
2. East Indian tree that puts out aerial shoots that grow down into the soil forming additional trunks