be
/bi:/
Definition
- Verb:
- To exist; to have reality or being: The verb "be" expresses the fundamental state of existence.
- To occupy a position or location: "Be" indicates where something or someone is situated in space.
- To equal or represent identity: "Be" serves as a copula, linking a subject to its complement (a noun, adjective, or phrase) to state what or how the subject is.
- To occur; to take place: "Be" can denote that an event happens.
- To have a specific cost or value: "Be" is used to state a price.
- To remain in a state: "Be" can indicate staying in a particular condition.
Usage and Examples
- Expressing existence:
- Is there a God? (This question asks about the existence of a deity.)
- There was a lot of noise in the kitchen. (This states that noise existed in the past.)
- Indicating location or position:
- Where is my umbrella? (This asks for the umbrella's location.)
- The toolshed is in the back. (This states the position of the toolshed.)
- Linking subject and complement (Copula):
- John is rich. ("Is" links the subject "John" to the adjective "rich".)
- The president of the company is John Smith. ("Is" links the subject to its identifying noun phrase.)
- This is not a good answer. ("Is" links "this" to the descriptive phrase.)
- Expressing occurrence:
- This was during the visit to my parents' house. ("Was" indicates when an event took place.)
- Stating cost:
- These shoes are $100. ("Are" states the price of the shoes.)
- Expressing a state to remain in:
- Let her be. (This means "let her remain undisturbed.")
Advanced Usage
- "Be" as an auxiliary verb: Used to form continuous (progressive) tenses and the passive voice.
- They are doing their work. (Present continuous tense.)
- The house is being built. (Present continuous passive voice.)
- "Be to + infinitive": Used to express obligation, intention, or future arrangement.
- He is to leave for Hanoi tomorrow. (Expresses a planned future action.)
- What time am I to come? (Expresses obligation or instruction.)
- "Have been": The present perfect form, used to express experience or a completed journey to a place.
- I've been to Peking once. (Expresses past experience of visiting.)
- Has anyone been during my absence? (Asks if anyone came/existed here in the past.)
Variants and Related Words
- Being (n): Existence; a living creature.
- A human being.
- Been (v): Past participle of "be".
- Was/Were (v): Past tense forms of "be".
Synonyms
- Exist: To have being or reality.
- Live: To be alive; to have life.
- Occur: To happen; to take place.
- Equal: To be identical in value or meaning.
- Represent: To stand for; to constitute.
Related Phrases and Idioms
- To be against: To oppose.
- He is against the new policy.
- To be for: To support or be in favor of.
- I am for the proposal.
- To be or not to be: A famous phrase questioning existence itself (from Shakespeare's ).
- Let it be: An idiom meaning to leave something alone, to accept a situation without interference.
Noun
-
a light strong brittle grey toxic bivalent metallic element
Verb
-
be priced at
-
These shoes cost $100
-
-
to remain unmolested, undisturbed, or uninterrupted -- used only in infinitive form
-
let her be
-
-
have life, be alive
-
Our great leader is no more
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My grandfather lived until the end of war
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spend or use time
-
I may be an hour
-
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represent, as of a character on stage
-
Derek Jacobi was Hamlet
-
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work in a specific place, with a specific subject, or in a specific function
-
He is a herpetologist
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She is our resident philosopher
-
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form or compose
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This money is my only income
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The stone wall was the backdrop for the performance
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These constitute my entire belonging
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The children made up the chorus
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This sum represents my entire income for a year
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These few men comprise his entire army
-
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be identical or equivalent to
-
One dollar equals 1,000 rubles these days!
-
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happen, occur, take place; this was during the visit to my parents' house"
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I lost my wallet
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There were two hundred people at his funeral
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There was a lot of noise in the kitchen
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have an existence, be extant
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Is there a God?
-
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occupy a certain position or area; be somewhere
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Where is my umbrella? The toolshed is in the back
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What is behind this behavior?
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be identical to; be someone or something
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The president of the company is John Smith
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This is my house
-
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have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun)
-
John is rich
-
This is not a good answer
-
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