befoul

/bi'faul/

Thân thiện

The factory's smokestacks befoul the clear sky with thick, black smoke.

Definition

1. Verb:
   • To make dirty; to soil or stain: The core meaning of "befoul" is to physically contaminate or pollute something, making it unclean.
   • To defile or sully; to make morally impure: In a figurative sense, "befoul" can mean to tarnish or corrupt something's purity, reputation, or honor.

Usage

• Verb (Transitive): "Befoul" is always used with a direct object. The thing that becomes dirty or tarnished is the object of the verb.
  • Format: [Subject] befouls [object].
  • It often describes an action that causes significant, noticeable, and usually offensive contamination or corruption.

Examples

• Verb:
  • The factory's waste befouled the once-pristine coastline. (The factory's waste made the coastline dirty.)
  • He did not want to befoul his hands with the corrupt business deal. (He did not want to morally stain his reputation.)
  • Vandals befouled the monument with graffiti. (Vandals defaced the monument, making it unclean.)

Advanced Usage

• "to befoul one's own nest": This idiom means to damage or bring disgrace to one's own home, surroundings, or reputation through one's own actions.
  • By spreading those lies about his colleagues, he only succeeded in befouling his own nest. (He damaged his own reputation.)

Variants and Related Words

• Foul (verb/adjective): As a verb, "to foul" is a more common synonym meaning to make dirty or to become entangled. As an adjective, it means very dirty or unpleasant.
  • The sailor fouled the anchor line. (The sailor tangled the line.)
  • The room had a foul odor. (The room had a very bad smell.)

Synonyms

• Defile: To make unclean or impure, often with a strong connotation of violating something sacred.
• Pollute: To contaminate with harmful or poisonous substances.
• Sully: To tarnish or taint, especially a reputation.
• Soil: To make dirty.

Antonyms

• Cleanse: To make thoroughly clean.
• Purify: To remove contaminants; to make pure.
• Sanctify: To set apart as or declare holy; to free from sin.

Related Phrases/Idioms

• Befoul the air/atmosphere: To pollute the air literally, or to create a tense, unpleasant, or corrupt environment figuratively.
  • Their bitter argument befouled the atmosphere in the office for weeks. (Their argument created a lasting, unpleasant mood.)

Học thuật

Verb

1. spot, stain, or pollute
   • The townspeople defiled the river by emptying raw sewage into it

Từ đồng nghĩa

• foul
• defile
• maculate