globulin

/'glɔbjulin/

Thân thiện

A scientist examines a globulin sample under a microscope.

Definition

Noun: 1. A type of protein: Globulin refers to a major category or family of simple proteins that are soluble in dilute salt solutions but insoluble in pure water. They are found in blood plasma, milk, muscle tissue, and plant seeds, and they play various crucial roles in biological processes. 2. A blood plasma component: In medical and physiological contexts, globulins are a group of proteins in blood plasma, distinct from albumin. They include important proteins like antibodies (immunoglobulins), enzymes, and transport proteins.

Usage Examples

• General Scientific Context:
  • The lab test measures the levels of globulin in your blood serum.
  • Seed storage proteins often include globulins like legumin.
• Medical/Health Context:
  • A high globulin level can sometimes indicate an infection or an immune disorder.
  • The gamma globulin fraction contains antibodies that help fight disease.

Advanced Usage

• "Globulin fraction": Refers to a specific group of globulins separated from other blood proteins, typically via electrophoresis.
  • The electrophoretic pattern showed an abnormal spike in the gamma globulin fraction.
• "Serum globulin": Specifically denotes the globulin proteins present in blood serum (plasma without clotting factors).
  • The doctor reviewed the patient's serum globulin and albumin ratios.

Variants and Related Words

• Immunoglobulin (Ig) (n): A specialized class of globulins that function as antibodies produced by the immune system.
  • Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the most common antibody in blood.
• Gamma Globulin (n): A specific class of globulins in blood plasma that are rich in antibodies; often used in therapeutic injections for passive immunity.
  • He received a gamma globulin shot after exposure to hepatitis A.

Synonyms

• Plasma protein (when referring to the blood component, though this is a broader term that includes albumin).
• Simple protein (a broader biochemical category to which globulins belong).

Related Phrases

• "Alpha/Beta/Gamma globulin": These are sub-classifications of serum globulins based on their electrophoretic mobility.
  • Alpha-1-antitrypsin is an important alpha globulin.
• "Globulin test": A common part of a blood panel that measures the amount of globulin in the blood.
  • Your comprehensive metabolic panel includes a globulin test.

Học thuật

Noun

1. a family of proteins found in blood and milk and muscle and in plant seed