hiểm
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Adjective:
- Dangerous; perilous: Describes a situation, place, or condition that involves serious risk or the threat of harm, loss, or death.
- Cruel; malicious; treacherous: Describes a person's character or an action that is deceitful, cunning, and intended to cause harm to others.
- Crucial; strategically difficult and inaccessible: Describes a location that is of vital importance and hard to reach or pass through, often due to terrain.
Usage Examples
- As an adjective (dangerous):
- Đường đèo này rất hiểm. (This mountain pass is very dangerous.)
- Tình thế hiểm nghèo. (A perilous situation.)
- As an adjective (malicious):
- Lòng dạ hiểm độc. (A malicious heart.)
- Hắn ta là một kẻ hiểm. (He is a treacherous person.)
- As an adjective (strategically crucial/inaccessible):
- Chiếm giữ vị trí hiểm. (To occupy a crucial/strategic position.)
Advanced Usage
- "hiểm hóc": Emphasizes extreme danger, difficulty, or malicious cunning.
- Câu hỏi hiểm hóc. (A tricky/perplexing question.)
- "hiểm nghèo": Describes a state of grave danger or a critical, life-threatening situation.
- Bệnh tình hiểm nghèo. (A critical illness.)
- "nơi hiểm yếu": Refers to a strategically vital and defensible location.
- Phòng thủ nơi hiểm yếu. (To defend a strategic stronghold.)
Variants and Related Words
- Hiểm độc (adj): Malicious, venomous, combining cunning and cruelty.
- Âm mưu hiểm độc. (A malicious plot.)
- Hiểm họa (n): Disaster, catastrophe; a great danger.
- Hiểm họa thiên nhiên. (Natural disaster.)
- Nguy hiểm (adj): The most common and direct synonym for "dangerous."
- Khu vực nguy hiểm. (Danger zone.)
Synonyms
- Nguy hiểm: Dangerous, hazardous.
- Độc ác: Cruel, wicked.
- Gian xảo: Cunning, crafty.
- Hiểm trở (for terrain): Rugged, treacherous.
Related Idioms
- "Lòng lang dạ thú / dạ sói": Having the heart of a wolf; describes extreme cruelty and treachery, similar to "hiểm độc."
- Tên phản bội đó có lòng lang dạ thú. (That traitor is utterly treacherous.)
- "Núi cao vực thẳm": High mountains and deep abysses; describes dangerously steep terrain, relating to the "inaccessible" meaning.
- Con đường đi qua núi cao vực thẳm. (The road goes through high mountains and deep abysses.)
- "Đánh vào chỗ hiểm": To hit someone where it hurts most; to exploit a vulnerable spot (can be physical or metaphorical).
- Lời nói của cô ấy đánh vào chỗ hiểm. (Her words hit a raw nerve.)