hydrolyse

Thân thiện

The chemist observes the compound hydrolyse in the beaker.

Definition

Verb: * To undergo a chemical process of decomposition or splitting that involves a reaction with water. In hydrolysis, a compound reacts with water, causing its molecules to break apart into two or more simpler substances.

Usage

The verb "hydrolyse" describes a specific chemical reaction. It is typically used in scientific contexts, such as chemistry, biochemistry, and food science. * It is often used in the passive voice ("is hydrolysed") to describe what happens to a compound. * It can be used transitively (with a direct object) to describe the action of causing something to undergo hydrolysis.

Examples

• Transitive use: Enzymes in the digestive system hydrolyse complex carbohydrates into simple sugars.
• Intransitive/Passive use: The ester bond hydrolyses slowly in acidic conditions. / Sucrose is hydrolysed into glucose and fructose.
• Scientific context: The researchers studied how the polymer would hydrolyse in seawater over time.

Advanced Usage

• "Hydrolyse to form...": This phrase is common to specify the products of the reaction.
  • The protein hydrolyses to form a mixture of amino acids.
• Causative Agent: The agent causing hydrolysis can be specified.
  • The compound was hydrolysed by the enzyme lipase.

Variants and Related Words

• Hydrolyze (verb): The preferred spelling in American English. It has the same meaning and usage as "hydrolyse".
• Hydrolysis (noun): The name of the chemical process itself.
  • The hydrolysis of starch is an important step in brewing.
• Hydrolysate (noun): The mixture of products resulting from hydrolysis.
  • Whey protein hydrolysate is easier to digest.

Synonyms

• Decompose (by/with water): A more general term that can describe the process.
• Break down (with water): A common descriptive phrase for the process.

Antonyms

• Condense: To combine molecules with the loss of a small molecule like water (the reverse reaction in many cases).
• Synthesize: To build up a compound from simpler components, often not involving water in the same way.

Học thuật

Verb

1. undergo hydrolysis; decompose by reacting with water

Từ đồng nghĩa

• hydrolyze