làm gì
Interrogative phrase:
- What to do?: Used to ask about an action, activity, or course of action.
- What for? / Why?: Used to question the purpose, reason, or objective behind an action.
Negative phrase:
- No way; Certainly not; Nothing of the sort: Used to strongly deny, negate, or reject a possibility, often expressing disbelief or impossibility.
Interrogative (What to do?):
- Bây giờ chúng ta nên làm gì? (What should we do now?)
- Trong thời gian rảnh, cậu thích làm gì? (What do you like to do in your free time?)
Interrogative (What for?):
- Anh mua cái máy này để làm gì? (What did you buy this machine for?)
- Cô ấy nói vậy làm gì? (Why did she say that?)
Negative (Strong denial):
- Làm gì có chuyện đó! (That's impossible! / No way that happened!)
- Tôi làm gì có nhiều tiền thế. (I certainly don't have that much money.)
"Để làm gì?": For what purpose? This structure explicitly asks for the utility or goal of something.
- Học bài này để làm gì? (What's the point of learning this?)
"Thì làm gì?" / "Làm gì thì làm": Used to express that no matter what happens or what one does, the outcome is inevitable or a condition must be met. It can mean "then what?" or "whatever one does..."
- Nếu trễ hạn, thì làm gì? (If we miss the deadline, then what?)
- Làm gì thì làm cũng phải xong. (Whatever you do, it has to be finished.)
Làm cái gì (v): A more colloquial variant meaning "to do what." It is often used in direct questions about an immediate action.
- Mày đang định làm cái gì thế? (What are you planning to do?)
Để làm chi (phr): A more literary or formal synonym for "để làm gì" (for what purpose).
- Công sức bỏ ra để làm chi? (For what purpose is all this effort?)
- Interrogative: What?; For what reason?; Why?
- Negative: No way; Absolutely not; Impossible.
Biết làm gì được: To be unable to do anything about a situation; to be powerless.
- Họ sai, nhưng tôi biết làm gì được. (They are wrong, but what can I do about it?)
Làm gì được nhau: Expresses that no one can truly harm or significantly affect the other, often implying a stalemate.
- Cứ thách thức đi, làm gì được nhau đâu. (Go ahead and challenge me, it's not like you can do anything to me.)
- What to dọ
- What for
- Ta làm cái đó để làm gì?What are you doing that for?
- No, nothing
- Làm gì có chuyện ấyThere is nothing of the kind