Definition

1. Adjective:

   • Countless, innumerable, myriad: Used to indicate an extremely large, indefinite number, often conveying a sense of vastness or infinity.
   • Ten thousand (archaic/literary): In classical or literary contexts, it can mean the specific number ten thousand, similar to "vạn".

2. Adverb (literary):

   • Infinitely, boundlessly: Used to modify verbs or adjectives to express an extreme or infinite degree.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:
  • Trên bầu trời có muôn vì sao. (There are countless stars in the sky.)
  • Muôn người như một. (Everyone is of one mind. / Ten thousand people as one.)
• Adverb (literary):
  • Tôi muôn phần cảm ơn. (I am infinitely grateful.)

Advanced Usage

• "muôn đời": forever, for all eternity.
  • Tình bạn của họ sẽ tồn tại muôn đời. (Their friendship will last forever.)
• "muôn hình vạn trạng": myriad forms, in countless shapes and forms.
  • Thiên nhiên hiện ra dưới muôn hình vạn trạng. (Nature appears in myriad forms.)
• "muôn thuở": eternal, everlasting (often used in a temporal sense).
  • Một bài học muôn thuở. (An eternal lesson.)

Variants and Related Words

• Vạn: (Numeral) Ten thousand. Often used interchangeably with "muôn" in the numerical sense, especially in Sino-Vietnamese compounds.
  • Vạn tuế: Long live (literally, ten thousand years).
• Muôn vàn: (Adjective) Countless, innumerable (an intensified form of "muôn").
  • Muôn vàn lời cảm ơn. (Countless thanks.)
• Muôn một: (Adverb) In the unlikely event, if by any chance (literally, one in ten thousand).
  • Muôn một có chuyện gì, hãy gọi cho tôi. (If by any chance something happens, please call me.)

Synonyms

• Hàng vạn: Tens of thousands.
• Vô số: Innumerable, countless.
• Vô vàn: Myriad, endless.

Related Idioms

• "Muôn sự tại nhân, thành sự tại thiên": Man proposes, God disposes. (Literally: Ten thousand matters depend on man, success depends on heaven.)
• "Muôn đời không quên": Will never forget for all eternity.
• "Khôn nghìn lần khéo muôn phần": (Proverb) Emphasizing the importance of wisdom and skill; being wise a thousand times over and skillful in myriad ways.

1. như vạn Ten thousand
   • Muôn người như một
     Everyone to a man