nan y
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Adjective:
- Difficult to cure; incurable: Describes a disease or medical condition that is very hard or impossible to treat and heal.
- Intractable; stubborn: Can describe a problem or situation that is extremely difficult to resolve.
Usage
- As an adjective: Typically placed before a noun (especially 'bệnh' - disease) to modify it.
- Common collocation: Almost always used with 'bệnh' (bệnh nan y).
- Formality: Used in both formal/medical contexts and general conversation.
Usage Examples
- With 'bệnh':
- Ông ấy đang phải chiến đấu với một căn bệnh nan y. (He is fighting an incurable disease.)
- Y học hiện đại vẫn chưa tìm ra cách chữa trị cho nhiều loại bệnh nan y. (Modern medicine has not yet found cures for many incurable diseases.)
- Figurative use:
- Tham nhũng giống như một căn bệnh nan y của xã hội. (Corruption is like an intractable disease of society.)
Advanced Usage
- "mắc bệnh nan y": to contract an incurable disease.
- Cô ấy đã mắc bệnh nan y từ nhiều năm trước. (She contracted an incurable disease many years ago.)
- "chữa bệnh nan y": to treat an incurable disease.
- Các bác sĩ vẫn đang nỗ lực tìm phương pháp chữa bệnh nan y. (Doctors are still striving to find methods to treat incurable diseases.)
Variants and Related Words
- Nan (adj): Difficult, hard to solve. Often used in compounds (e.g., nan giải - knotty, intricate).
- Y (n/adj): Medicine, medical. From Sino-Vietnamese (醫).
- Vô phương cứu chữa (phrase): Incurable, beyond remedy. A more descriptive synonym.
- Trầm kha (adj): Chronic, deep-seated (often used with 'bệnh').
Synonyms
- Khó chữa: Difficult to treat.
- Hiểm nghèo: Critical, dangerous (for illnesses).
- Vô phương cứu chữa: Incurable, no remedy.
Related Phrases
- Bệnh tật nan y: Incurable diseases and illnesses.
- Căn bệnh thế kỷ: The century's disease (often refers to HIV/AIDS, a modern 'nan y').
Notes on Meaning
- Core Meaning: The primary and most common meaning is "incurable," specifically regarding diseases.
- Extended Meaning: It can be used metaphorically to describe deeply rooted social or systemic problems that are very hard to eliminate.
- Cultural Context: The term carries a serious, often grave connotation, implying a long-term, severe health challenge.
- Difficult to cure
- Bệnh nan yA disease difficult to cure