shiva

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The word "shiva" has two main meanings, and it can be a bit confusing because they come from different cultures. Let's break it down:

1. Shiva in Hinduism

Meaning: In Hinduism, "Shiva" refers to one of the three major gods. He is known as "the Destroyer" in the Hindu trinity, which also includes Brahma (the Creator) and Vishnu (the Preserver). Shiva is associated with transformation and regeneration.
Usage: When talking about Hindu beliefs, you can say, "Shiva is worshipped by millions of people in India and around the world."
Example: "Many festivals are dedicated to Shiva, such as Maha Shivaratri, which celebrates his power and presence."

2. Shiva in Judaism

Meaning: In Judaism, "shiva" refers to a week-long period of mourning after the death of a close family member. During this time, family and friends gather to support the mourners.
Usage: You can use it in a sentence like, "After her father passed away, she observed shiva for seven days."
Example: "The family is sitting shiva, so they will not be attending social events during that time."

Advanced Usage

In Hindu contexts, you might discuss concepts like "Shiva's dance" (Nataraja) or "Shiva's attributes," which refer to specific qualities and stories related to this deity.
In a Jewish context, you can mention the customs related to shiva, such as covering mirrors and lighting candles.

Word Variants

Shiv: A short form sometimes used informally in various contexts, but it is not commonly associated with the meanings above.
Shivah: An alternate spelling of shiva, though less common.

Different Meanings

While the main meanings are tied to Hinduism and Judaism, "Shiva" as a name can also be used as a personal name in various cultures, primarily in India.

Synonyms

For Shiva (Hinduism): There are no direct synonyms, but you may refer to him as "the Destroyer" or by his other names (like Mahadeva).
For Shiva (Judaism): The term "mourning period" can be used, although it does not capture the specific cultural practices associated with shiva.

Idioms and Phrasal Verbs

There are no specific idioms or phrasal verbs related to "shiva," but you might hear phrases like "observe shiva" or "sit shiva," which refer to the act of participating in the mourning period.

Summary

Shiva can refer to an important god in Hinduism or a mourning practice in Judaism.

Noun

the destroyer; one of the three major divinities in the later Hindu pantheon
(Judaism) a period of seven days of mourning after the death of close relative
- the family is sitting shiva

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