sura

/'suərə/

Thân thiện

The runner stretches his sura before the race.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A chapter of the Quran: In Islamic scripture, a "sura" is one of the 114 distinct chapters that constitute the Quran. Each sura is composed of verses (ayahs) and has a unique title.
   • (Anatomy) The calf of the leg: The muscular back part of the lower leg, between the knee and the ankle. This meaning is now largely archaic or technical.

Examples of Usage

• Noun (Religious Context):
  • The first sura of the Quran is called Al-Fatiha.
  • Muslims recite specific suras during their daily prayers.
• Noun (Anatomical Context - archaic/technical):
  • The injury affected the muscles of the sura. (This usage is rare in modern English.)

Advanced Usage

• Capitalization: When referring to the Quranic chapter, "Sura" is often capitalized, especially when used with its specific name (e.g., Sura Al-Baqarah).
• Plural Forms: The standard plural is "suras." The Arabic-derived plural "suwar" is also sometimes used in scholarly contexts.

Variants and Related Words

• Surah: An alternative, common spelling for the Quranic chapter.
• Ayat (Ayah): A verse within a sura.

Synonyms

• Chapter: For the Quranic meaning.
• Calf: For the anatomical meaning.

Notes on Different Meanings

The two meanings of "sura" are entirely distinct and originate from different languages. The religious term comes from Arabic (سورة sūrah), while the anatomical term has a Latin origin. In contemporary English, the term is almost exclusively used in the context of the Quran. The anatomical sense is obsolete outside of specialized historical or medical texts.

Học thuật

Noun

1. the muscular back part of the shank
2. one of the sections (or chapters) in the Koran
   • the Quran is divided in 114 suras

Từ đồng nghĩa

• calf