xúc
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Verb:
- To shovel, to scoop up: The primary meaning of "xúc" is to lift or move loose, granular, or small items using a tool like a shovel, scoop, or similar implement.
- To net/catch (fish, shrimp): In a specific context, "xúc" can mean to catch aquatic creatures like fish or shrimp using a basket or net.
Usage Examples
- Verb:
- Anh ấy đang xúc than vào lò. (He is shoveling coal into the furnace.)
- Chúng tôi dùng xẻng để xúc cát. (We use a shovel to scoop up the sand.)
- Ngư dân xúc tôm bằng một cái vợt lớn. (The fisherman nets/catches shrimp with a large scoop net.)
Advanced Usage
- "Xúc" in compound words: While the core meaning is "to shovel/scoop," it forms many compound words. These are separate lexical items, not the isolated word "xúc."
- Xúc tiến (to promote/accelerate): This is a fixed compound verb with a metaphorical meaning.
- Cảm xúc (emotion/feeling): This is a noun where "xúc" is a Sino-Vietnamese morpheme meaning "to feel/touch," distinct from the native Vietnamese verb "xúc."
Variants and Related Words
- Xới (v): To turn over, dig up (soil). Similar in involving a tool and loose material but focuses on turning/loosening rather than lifting.
- Múc (v): To ladle, to scoop (often liquids or semi-liquids like soup, rice). Differs in the type of material and sometimes the tool used (e.g., a ladle vs. a shovel).
- Hốt (v): To scoop up hastily, often with hands or a pan. Implies a quicker, sometimes less careful action.
Synonyms
- Hót (v): To scoop up (often with a specific tool like a dustpan).
- Vét (v): To scrape up, to gather up the last bits.
Related Phrases (Phrasal Verbs)
- Xúc lên: To shovel/scoop something up (onto something else).
- Xúc đất lên xe. (Shovel the dirt up into the truck.)
- Xúc ra: To shovel/scoop something out.
- Xúc rác ra khỏi thùng. (Scoop the garbage out of the bin.)
Related Idioms
- Công anh xúc tép nuôi cò, đến khi cò lớn, cò dò cò bay: (A folk saying) Literally: "My effort scooping shrimp to feed the heron; when the heron grows up, it pecks and flies away." It describes laboring for someone who later turns ungrateful or abandons you. This idiom preserves the original meaning of "xúc" as catching shrimp.