caustic

/'kɔ:stik/

Thân thiện

A scientist carefully pours a caustic solution into a beaker.

Definition

1. Adjective:

   • Chemically corrosive: Describes a substance, particularly a strong alkali or acid, that can burn, destroy, or eat away organic tissue or other materials by chemical action.
   • Sarcastically biting: Describes language, wit, or a tone that is harsh, bitter, and severely critical, intended to mock or hurt.

2. Noun:

   • A corrosive substance: Any chemical agent, such as lye or quicklime, that causes a chemical burn upon contact with living tissue.

Examples of Usage

• Adjective (Chemical):
  • Sodium hydroxide is a caustic substance used in drain cleaners.
  • The spill required immediate cleanup due to the caustic nature of the chemical.
• Adjective (Verbal):
  • The critic's caustic review devastated the young playwright.
  • She was known for her caustic wit, which could silence a room.
• Noun:
  • The label on the bottle clearly identified it as a caustic.
  • Workers must wear protective gear when handling caustics.

Advanced Usage

• "Caustic remark": A comment that is sharply sarcastic or cutting.
  • His caustic remark about her presentation left her feeling humiliated.
• "Caustic soda": A common name for sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a strong alkali.
  • Caustic soda is a key ingredient in soap making.

Variants and Related Words

• Caustically (adverb): In a caustic manner.
  • He replied caustically, leaving no doubt about his displeasure.
• Causticity (noun): The quality of being caustic.
  • The causticity of his humor often alienated people.

Synonyms

• Adjective (Chemical): Corrosive, burning, erosive, mordant.
• Adjective (Verbal): Sarcastic, acerbic, vitriolic, mordant, biting, cutting.

Related Phrases

• "Caustic wit": A form of humor characterized by sharp, often hurtful, sarcasm.
  • The comedian's caustic wit appealed to a cynical audience.
• "Caustic burn": An injury caused by contact with a corrosive chemical.
  • The caustic burn required specialized medical treatment.

Học thuật

Adjective

1. of a substance, especially a strong acid; capable of destroying or eating away by chemical action
2. harsh or corrosive in tone
   • an acerbic tone piercing otherwise flowery prose
   • a barrage of acid comments
   • her acrid remarks make her many enemies
   • bitter words
   • blistering criticism
   • caustic jokes about political assassination, talk-show hosts and medical ethics
   • a sulfurous denunciation
   • a vitriolic critique

Noun

1. any chemical substance that burns or destroys living tissue

Từ đồng nghĩa

• corrosive
• erosive
• vitriolic
• mordant