indulgent

/in'dʌldʤənt/

Thân thiện

An indulgent grandmother gives her grandson an extra cookie.

Definition

1. Adjective:
   • Excessively lenient or permissive: Willing to allow someone to have or do what they want, especially when this is not good for them. Often implies a lack of discipline or strictness.
   • Characterized by kindness, tolerance, and forgiveness: Showing a readiness to overlook faults or to be generous and understanding.
   • Self-indulgent (a related but distinct concept): Satisfying one's own desires freely. (Note: This is listed under 'Variants and Related Words' as it is a compound form.)

Usage and Examples

• Describing a person's behavior or attitude:
  • The indulgent teacher never gave homework.
  • She has an indulgent smile when she watches her grandchildren play.
• Describing a relationship where one person yields to another's wishes:
  • His indulgent parents bought him every toy he asked for.
  • They were indulgent towards their guests, offering them more food and drink.

Advanced Usage and Nuances

• "To be indulgent of/towards something": This prepositional phrase specifies the object of the leniency.
  • The critic was surprisingly indulgent of the film's minor flaws.
  • He is far too indulgent towards their constant complaints.
• Contextual Connotation: The word can have a slightly negative connotation, suggesting excessive leniency that may lead to negative consequences (like spoiling a child). However, it can also be neutral or positive when describing tolerant forgiveness.

Variants and Related Words

• Indulge (verb): To allow oneself or another to enjoy a desired pleasure.
  • He indulged his love for chocolate.
• Indulgence (noun): 1. The act or practice of indulging. 2. Something enjoyed as a treat or pleasure.
  • She allowed herself the indulgence of a long bath.
• Self-indulgent (adjective): Excessively gratifying one's own desires.
  • His self-indulgent spending left him in debt.

Synonyms

• Lenient: Merciful or tolerant, especially in disciplining others.
• Permissive: Allowing freedom, especially in social or sexual behavior.
• Tolerant: Showing willingness to allow the existence of opinions or behavior one does not necessarily agree with.
• Forgiving: Ready and willing to forgive.

Antonyms

• Strict: Demanding that rules are obeyed.
• Severe: Strict or harsh in attitude or treatment.
• Austere: Severe or strict in manner or attitude.
• Stern: Serious and unrelenting, especially in discipline.

Idioms and Phrases

• "To indulge someone (in something)": Although a verb phrase, it is the direct action related to being indulgent.
  • She indulged her son in his passion for astronomy.
• "An indulgent smile/laugh": A smile or laugh that shows tolerant amusement or affection, often overlooking something foolish or minor.
  • He gave an indulgent laugh at their childish antics.

Học thuật

Adjective

1. being favorably inclined
   • an indulgent attitude
2. tolerant or lenient
   • indulgent parents risk spoiling their children
   • too soft on the children
   • they are soft on crime
3. characterized by or given to yielding to the wishes of someone
   • indulgent grandparents

Từ đồng nghĩa

• lenient
• soft