kiết
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Noun:
- Dysentery: A medical term referring to an infection of the intestines, often causing severe diarrhea with blood and mucus. This is the primary and formal meaning.
Adjective:
- Extremely poor, destitute: Describes a state of severe poverty or financial hardship.
- Stingy, miserly: (Colloquial) Describes a person who is very reluctant to spend money; parsimonious.
Usage Examples
Noun:
- Anh ấy phải nhập viện vì bệnh kiết. (He had to be hospitalized due to dysentery.)
- Kiết là một bệnh đường ruột nguy hiểm. (Dysentery is a dangerous intestinal disease.)
Adjective:
- Gia đình ông ấy trước đây kiết lắm. (His family was extremely poor before.)
- Đừng có kiết thế, mời bạn bè ăn một bữa đi. (Don't be so stingy, treat your friends to a meal.)
Advanced Usage
"kiết xác": (Adjective, colloquial) Emphasizes a state of being utterly destitute or broke.
- Sau trận lũ, nhiều người dân trở nên kiết xác. (After the flood, many people became utterly destitute.)
"kiết lị": (Noun) The full term for dysentery, used in more formal or medical contexts.
- Bác sĩ chẩn đoán bệnh nhân bị kiết lị. (The doctor diagnosed the patient with dysentery.)
Variants and Related Words
- Kiệt (Adjective): Exhausted, depleted (of resources, strength). Can be synonymous with the "poor" meaning in some contexts.
- Nguồn nước đã kiệt. (The water source is depleted.)
- Keo kiệt (Adjective): Stingy, miserly. A compound word reinforcing the meaning of parsimony.
- Tính anh ta rất keo kiệt. (He has a very stingy character.)
Synonyms
- For "dysentery" (Noun): lỵ (the more common Sino-Vietnamese term).
- For "extremely poor" (Adjective): nghèo rớt mồng tơi, túng quẫn, bần cùng.
- For "stingy" (Adjective): hà tiện, bủn xỉn, keo cú.
Related Idioms
- "Kiết như ma lem": (Very colloquial/vulgar) To be as poor as a church mouse; emphasizes extreme poverty.
- Sau vụ thất bại kinh doanh, anh ta kiết như ma lem. (After the business failure, he became dirt poor.)