parity
/'pæriti/
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Noun:
- Functional equality or equivalence: The state or condition of being equal, especially in status, value, or amount.
- A property in physics: The principle that the laws of physics are identical in a right-handed and a left-handed coordinate system; the conservation of this property.
- A computational bit for error detection: A bit added to a sequence of bits to make the total number of 1s either even (even parity) or odd (odd parity), used to detect errors in data transmission or storage.
- A mathematical property of integers: The attribute of an integer as being either even or odd. Two integers have the same parity if both are even or both are odd.
- A term in obstetrics: The number of times a woman has given birth to a fetus with a gestational age of 24 weeks or more, regardless of whether the child was born alive or was stillborn.
Usage Examples
- Functional Equality:
- The new policy aims to achieve pay parity between men and women.
- There is a parity of esteem between the two academic disciplines.
- Physics:
- The experiment violated the law of parity conservation.
- Computer Science:
- The system uses a parity bit to check for transmission errors.
- If the parity is set to even, any byte with an odd number of 1s is flagged.
- Mathematics:
- The numbers 4 and 10 share the same parity (both are even).
- 7 and 12 have different parity (one is odd, the other is even).
- Obstetrics:
- The patient's medical history noted a parity of two.
- A woman with a parity of zero is a nullipara.
Advanced Usage
- "Purchasing power parity (PPP)": An economic theory that compares different countries' currencies through a "basket of goods" approach, stating that exchange rates should equalize the price of an identical basket of goods in any two countries.
- The GDP figures are adjusted for purchasing power parity.
- "Interest rate parity": A theory in finance stating that the difference in interest rates between two countries is equal to the difference between the forward exchange rate and the spot exchange rate.
- The trader's strategy was based on covered interest rate parity.
Variants and Related Words
- Disparity (n): A great difference; inequality.
- There is a significant disparity in income levels.
- Parity check (n): The process of using a parity bit to detect errors.
- A parity check is a simple form of error detection.
Synonyms
- Equality: The state of being equal, especially in status, rights, or opportunities.
- Equivalence: The condition of being equal or interchangeable in value, function, or meaning.
- Par (in finance): Equality, especially of value or standing.
Related Phrases
- To achieve parity with: To reach a state of equality with something else.
- The currency has finally achieved parity with the dollar.
- Parity of reasoning: The principle that similar cases should be treated in similar ways.
- The lawyer argued for a verdict based on parity of reasoning with previous cases.
Noun
- functional equality
- (physics) parity is conserved in a universe in which the laws of physics are the same in a right-handed system of coordinates as in a left-handed system
- (computer science) a bit that is used in an error detection procedure in which a 0 or 1 is added to each group of bits so that it will have either an odd number of 1's or an even number of 1's; e.g., if the parity is odd then any group of bits that arrives with an even number of 1's must contain an error
- (mathematics) a relation between a pair of integers: if both integers are odd or both are even they have the same parity; if one is odd and the other is even they have different parity
- parity is often used to check the integrity of transmitted data
- (obstetrics) the number of liveborn children a woman has delivered
- the parity of the mother must be considered
- a bipara is a woman who has given birth to two children