phẩm
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Noun:
- Dye: A substance used to impart color to materials, especially fabrics.
- Grade / Rank: A historical term for an official rank in the Vietnamese feudal bureaucracy, from the first rank (highest) to the ninth rank (lowest).
- Unit: A classifier for a specific type of ceremonial glutinous rice cake ("oản").
Usage Examples
- As "Dye":
- Cô ấy mua phẩm đỏ để nhuộm vải. (She bought red dye to color the fabric.)
- As "Grade/Rank":
- Ông ta được thăng lên chính tứ phẩm. (He was promoted to the fourth rank, main class.)
- As "Unit":
- Mẹ tôi chuẩn bị một phẩm oản để cúng. (My mother prepared one ceremonial rice cake for worship.)
Advanced Usage
- "phẩm hàm": Official rank title.
- Phẩm hàm của quan lại được quy định rất rõ. (The official ranks of mandarins were clearly defined.)
- "phẩm chất": Quality or character (of a person). Note: This is a compound word where "phẩm" contributes the meaning of inherent grade or quality.
- Phẩm chất đạo đức là rất quan trọng. (Moral character is very important.)
Variants and Related Words
- Thuốc phẩm (n): Dyestuff, dye.
- Cửa hàng bán nhiều loại thuốc phẩm. (The shop sells many types of dyestuff.)
- Nhuộm phẩm (v): To dye using synthetic or chemical dyes.
- Chiếc áo này được nhuộm phẩm. (This shirt was dyed with chemical dye.)
Synonyms
- Dye: colorant, pigment.
- Rank: grade, level, tier.
- Unit: item, piece (specifically for "oản").
Related Idioms
- "Cao phẩm": High-grade, high-quality. Often used to describe superior goods or moral character.
- Anh ấy là người có tư cách cao phẩm. (He is a person of high moral character.)
- "Phẩm giá": Dignity. This compound word refers to the worth and honor of a person.
- Hãy giữ gìn phẩm giá của mình. (One must preserve one's dignity.)