rational

/'ræʃənl/
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rational

A rational person makes decisions based on logic and facts.

Definition
  1. Adjective:

    • Based on or using reason and logic: Describes thoughts, decisions, or actions that are guided by clear, sensible thinking rather than emotion.
    • Sane or reasonable: Describes a person who is thinking clearly and sensibly.
    • (Mathematics) Expressible as a ratio of integers: Describes a number that can be written as a fraction where both the numerator and denominator are integers, and the denominator is not zero.
  2. Noun:

    • A rational number: In mathematics, a number that can be expressed as a quotient or fraction of two integers.
Usage Examples
  • Adjective:

    • In a crisis, it's important to make rational decisions. (Here, "rational" describes decisions based on logic.)
    • After a good night's sleep, she felt more rational and could assess the problem calmly. (Here, "rational" describes a state of clear, sensible thinking.)
    • The number 0.75 is a rational number because it can be written as 3/4. (Here, "rational" is a mathematical term.)
  • Noun:

    • The set of rationals is denoted by the letter Q. (Here, "rationals" is a plural noun referring to rational numbers.)
Advanced Usage
  • "Perfectly rational": Completely logical and reasonable.

    • His fear, though intense, was a perfectly rational response to the danger.
  • "Rational basis": A foundation in logic or reason.

    • The policy must have a rational basis to be considered valid.
  • "Boundedly rational": A concept in economics describing decision-making that is intendedly rational but limited by available information and cognitive capacity.

    • In the real world, consumers are often boundedly rational.
Variants and Related Words
  • Rationality (n): The quality of being based on reason.

    • The debate was praised for its high level of rationality.
  • Rationalize (v): To attempt to explain or justify behavior with logical reasons, even if these are not the true motives.

    • He tried to rationalize his impulsive purchase.
  • Irrational (adj): The opposite of rational; not based on reason or logic.

    • An irrational fear of spiders is called arachnophobia.
Synonyms
  • Logical: Following the rules of formal logic.
  • Reasonable: Having sound judgment; fair and sensible.
  • Sensible: Showing good sense or judgment; practical.
  • Coherent: Logical and consistent.
Antonyms
  • Irrational: Not logical or reasonable.
  • Emotional: Based on feelings rather than logic.
  • Illogical: Lacking sense or sound reasoning.
Related Phrases and Idioms
  • "Rational actor": A term in social science for an individual who makes decisions to achieve optimal outcomes based on available information.

    • The model assumes every consumer is a rational actor.
  • "Rational choice": A decision-making paradigm that selects the best option among alternatives based on calculated utility.

    • Voting is often studied through the lens of rational choice theory.
rational

A rational person makes decisions based on logic and facts.

Adjective
  1. having its source in or being guided by the intellect (as distinguished from experience or emotion)
    • a rational analysis
  2. capable of being expressed as a quotient of integers
    • rational numbers
  3. of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind
    • intellectual problems
    • the triumph of the rational over the animal side of man
  4. consistent with or based on or using reason
    • rational behavior
    • a process of rational inference
    • rational thought
Noun
  1. an integer or a fraction