surplus

/'sə:pləs/
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surplus

The store donated its surplus canned goods to the local food bank.

Definition

  1. Noun:

    • An amount that is more than what is needed or used: A surplus is a quantity of something that remains after all that is needed has been used or taken.
    • An excess of production or supply over demand: In economics, a surplus is the amount of a good or asset that exceeds the portion actively used.

  2. Adjective:

    • Being more than what is needed or required: Describing something that exists in an amount greater than necessary, often available for other uses.
Examples of Usage
  • Noun:
    • The country has a large grain surplus this year.
    • After paying all the bills, we had a budget surplus.
  • Adjective:
    • Surplus materials were donated to the school.
    • The army sold its surplus equipment.
Advanced Usage
  • "To run a surplus": To have more income than expenditure over a period.
    • The government aims to run a budget surplus next fiscal year.
  • "Surplus to requirements": No longer needed for a particular purpose.
    • The old machinery became surplus to requirements after the factory upgrade.
Variants and Related Words
  • Surplusage (noun, formal): An unnecessary extra amount; superfluity.
    • The contract was criticized for its legal surplusage.
  • Surplus value (noun, economics): In Marxist theory, the excess of value produced by labor over the wages paid.
Synonyms
  • Excess (noun/adj): An amount that is more than necessary.
  • Overabundance (noun): A much larger amount than is needed.
  • Glut (noun): An excessively abundant supply.
  • Superfluity (noun): An unnecessarily large amount.
Antonyms
  • Deficit (noun): The amount by which something, especially money, is too small.
  • Shortage (noun): A state or situation in which something needed cannot be obtained in sufficient amounts.
  • Lack (noun): The state of being without or not having enough of something.
Related Idioms and Phrases
  • "In surplus": Having more of something than is needed.
    • The warehouse is in surplus, so we can afford to be generous.
  • "A surplus of": An overabundance of a particular thing.
    • There seems to be a surplus of opinions on this matter.
surplus

The store donated its surplus canned goods to the local food bank.

Adjective
  1. more than is needed, desired, or required
    • trying to lose excess weight
    • found some extra change lying on the dresser
    • yet another book on heraldry might be thought redundant
    • skills made redundant by technological advance
    • sleeping in the spare room
    • supernumerary ornamentation
    • it was supererogatory of her to gloat
    • delete superfluous (or unnecessary) words
    • extra ribs as well as other supernumerary internal parts
    • surplus cheese distributed to the needy
Noun
  1. a quantity much larger than is needed

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