ứng
Definition
Verb:
- To advance (money): To provide money or resources before the usual time or before they are officially due, often as a loan or prepayment.
- To correspond to / To match: To be in agreement, harmony, or a complementary relationship with something else.
- To foretell / To portend: To serve as a sign or warning of a future event; to be an omen.
Adjective (in specific contexts):
- Induced (physics): Describing an electrical current or magnetic effect created by a change in a nearby field, not by direct connection.
Usage Examples
Verb:
- Công ty sẽ ứng trước một khoản tiền cho nhân viên. (The company will advance a sum of money to the employee.)
- Màu sắc của bức tranh ứng với tâm trạng của tác giả. (The colors of the painting correspond to the author's mood.)
- Giấc mơ đó có thể ứng với một điều sắp xảy ra. (That dream may portend something about to happen.)
Adjective:
- Dòng điện ứng được tạo ra trong cuộn dây. (An induced current is generated in the coil.)
Advanced Usage
"ứng biến": To improvise; to react or handle a situation flexibly as it develops.
- Diễn viên phải ứng biến khi đối tác quên lời thoại. (The actor had to improvise when their partner forgot the lines.)
"ứng nghiệm": To come true (often for a prediction or prophecy); to be validated.
- Lời tiên tri đã ứng nghiệm sau hàng trăm năm. (The prophecy came true after hundreds of years.)
Variants and Related Words
Ứng cứu (v): To provide emergency relief or rescue.
- Các đội ứng cứu được điều động đến vùng lũ. (Relief teams were dispatched to the flood area.)
Ứng tuyển (v): To apply for a position or job.
- Cô ấy quyết định ứng tuyển vào vị trí quản lý. (She decided to apply for the manager position.)
Ứng xử (v): To behave; to conduct oneself in a particular manner in social situations.
- Ứng xử khéo léo là một kỹ năng quan trọng. (Tactful behavior is an important skill.)
Synonyms
- Advance: To provide (money) beforehand.
- Correspond: To have a close similarity, match, or agreement.
- Portend: To be a sign or warning that something, especially something momentous or calamitous, is likely to happen.
- Induce: To bring about or give rise to (in a technical context).
Related Idioms
Ứng khẩu thành thơ: To compose poetry extemporaneously; to demonstrate quick wit and talent.
- Nhà thơ tài ba, ứng khẩu thành thơ. (The talented poet composed verses on the spot.)
Tiền trao cháo múc: Literally "money handed over, gruel ladled out"; implies an immediate, transactional exchange. This idiom contrasts with the concept of "ứng tiền" (advancing money), which involves trust and deferred reciprocity.
- Họ không tin tưởng nhau, chỉ làm kiểu tiền trao cháo múc. (They don't trust each other, only dealing in immediate exchanges.)