dôi

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The Vietnamese word "dôi" generally means "in excess" or "more than what is required or average." It is often used in contexts where there is an abundance or surplus of something.

Usage Instructions:

• "Dôi" is typically used when discussing quantities, whether it be food, materials, or other resources. You might encounter it in agricultural contexts, economic discussions, and everyday conversations about abundance.

Example:

• Gieo dôi mạ để phòng úng lụt: This phrase translates to "to sow rice in excess in anticipation of waterlogging and floods." Here, "dôi" refers to planting more rice than usual to ensure there is enough in case of potential flooding.

Advanced Usage:

• In more abstract discussions, "dôi" can be utilized to describe situations where there is an abundance of non-physical things, such as time or effort.
• For example: "Cần dôi thời gian để hoàn thành dự án." (We need extra time to complete the project.)

Word Variants:

• Dôi dào: This can mean "abundant" or "plentiful." It emphasizes a high degree of excess.
• Dôi ra: This phrase can mean "to be left over" or "to remain in excess."

Different Meanings:

• While "dôi" primarily refers to excess, it can also imply something that is superfluous or unnecessary. It can be used negatively to indicate wastefulness.

Synonyms:

• Thừa: This means "excess" or "surplus."
• Dư: Another term that conveys the idea of being more than necessary or surplus.

Conclusion:

"Dôi" is an important word in Vietnamese that helps express the idea of excess in various contexts, especially in agriculture and resource management.

Academic

1. In excess (of requirement or average)
   • Gieo dôi mạ để phòng úng lụt
     To sow rice in excess in anticipation of waterlogging and floods
2. Be left in excess