thách

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The Vietnamese word "thách" is a versatile term that can be used as both a verb and a noun. Here’s a breakdown of its meanings and usage:

Basic Meaning

1. To Challenge / To Defy: As a verb, "thách" means to challenge someone to do something or to defy them. It often implies a sense of competition or daring someone to take on a task.

   • "Tôi thách bạn nhảy qua rào." (I challenge you to jump over the fence.)

2. To Overcharge: In a different context, "thách" can mean to overcharge someone, especially in terms of prices. This is often used in informal situations.

   • "Họ thách giá quá cao cho món hàng này." (They are overcharging for this item.)

3. To Ask for (in Wedding): The term "thách cưới" specifically refers to the practice of asking for a bride price or dowry in Vietnamese culture. This is a traditional custom where the groom's family gives gifts or money to the bride's family.

   • "Gia đình cô ấy đã thách cưới khá cao." (Her family asked for a high bride price.)

Advanced Usage

• In a competitive context, "thách" can be used in phrases like "nói thách," which means to boastfully challenge someone without sincere intent, often for fun or provocation.

  • "Anh ấy chỉ đang nói thách thôi." (He is just boasting/challenging for fun.)

Word Variants

• Thách thức: This is a compound word that means "to challenge" or "to defy" in a more formal or serious manner.
• Nói thách: Refers specifically to the act of challenging in a boastful or provocative way.

Different Meanings

• The context in which "thách" is used can significantly change its meaning, so it's important to pay attention to the surrounding words to understand its intended use.

Synonyms

• Thử thách: Meaning "to test" or "to challenge" in a broader sense.
• Đối đầu: Meaning "to confront" or "to face off," which could be synonymous in competitive situations.

Summary

In summary, "thách" is a dynamic word that can convey several meanings depending on context.

Academic

verb

1. to challenge, to defy
2. (nói thách) to overcharge (prices)
3. (thách cưới) to ask for (in wedding)