excuse

/iks'kju:z/
Học thuật
Thân thiện
excuse

He handed his teacher a written excuse for his absence.

Definition
  1. Noun:

    • A reason or explanation given to justify a fault or offense: An "excuse" is a statement offered to explain or defend one's actions, especially when those actions are perceived as wrong or inappropriate.
    • A poor or inadequate example of something: An "excuse" can refer to something that is a very bad or unsatisfactory version of what it is supposed to be.
    • A note or message explaining an absence: In formal contexts like school or work, an "excuse" is a written explanation for why someone was not present.
  2. Verb:

    • To forgive or overlook a fault: To "excuse" someone means to pardon them for a minor mistake or social error.
    • To serve as a justification or reason for: To "excuse" an action means to provide an acceptable reason that explains or defends it.
    • To release someone from a duty or obligation: To "excuse" someone means to formally grant them permission not to do something they were supposed to do.
    • To attempt to lessen the blame for; to defend: To "excuse" someone's behavior is to try to explain it in a way that makes it seem less bad.
Examples of Usage
  • Noun:

    • He had a new excuse for being late every day.
    • This broken-down car is a poor excuse for an automobile.
    • The student brought a doctor's note as an excuse for his absence.
  • Verb:

    • Please excuse my interruption.
    • His tiredness does not excuse his rude behavior.
    • The teacher excused him from the final exam.
    • She tried to excuse her friend's mistake by blaming the confusing instructions.
Advanced Usage
  • "To make excuses for (someone/something)": To repeatedly provide justifications for faults or failures.

    • You're always making excuses for his laziness.
  • "There is no excuse for...": Used to state that something is completely unacceptable and cannot be justified.

    • There is no excuse for such cruelty.
  • "To excuse oneself": To politely ask permission to leave a place or situation; to offer an apology for one's own actions.

    • He excused himself from the meeting to take an important call.
    • She excused herself for stepping on his foot.
Variants and Related Words
  • Excusable (adj): Able to be forgiven or justified; not serious.

    • Forgetting a name is an excusable error.
  • Inexcusable (adj): Too bad to be justified or tolerated.

    • His insulting comments were inexcusable.
Synonyms
  • Noun: Justification, reason, explanation, defense, alibi, pretext.
  • Verb: Forgive, pardon, overlook, justify, explain, absolve, exempt, release.
Related Phrases (Phrasal Verbs)
  • Excuse from: To officially allow someone not to do something or not to be somewhere.
    • She was excused from jury duty due to her health.
Related Idioms
  • "A lame excuse": A weak or unconvincing reason.

    • Saying you forgot is a lame excuse when you had a whole week to prepare.
  • "Excuse me": A polite phrase used to: 1) get someone's attention, 2) apologize for a minor interruption or fault, 3) ask someone to move aside, or 4) express polite disagreement.

    • Excuse me, could you tell me the time?
    • Oh, excuse me, I didn't see you there.
excuse

He handed his teacher a written excuse for his absence.

Noun
  1. a poor example
    • it was an apology for a meal
    • a poor excuse for an automobile
  2. a note explaining an absence
    • he had to get his mother to write an excuse for him
  3. a defense of some offensive behavior or some failure to keep a promise etc.
    • he kept finding excuses to stay
    • every day he had a new alibi for not getting a job
    • his transparent self-justification was unacceptable
Verb
  1. excuse, overlook, or make allowances for; be lenient with
    • excuse someone's behavior
    • She condoned her husband's occasional infidelities
  2. ask for permission to be released from an engagement
  3. defend, explain, clear away, or make excuses for by reasoning
    • rationalize the child's seemingly crazy behavior
    • he rationalized his lack of success
  4. serve as a reason or cause or justification of
    • Your need to sleep late does not excuse your late arrival at work
    • Her recent divorce may explain her reluctance to date again
  5. grant exemption or release to
    • Please excuse me from this class
  6. accept an excuse for
    • Please excuse my dirty hands