nát
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Adjective:
- Crushed, smashed, or pulverized: Describes an object that has lost its original form and structure due to being subjected to force, pressure, or impact, resulting in small pieces or a soft, mushy state.
- Dilapidated or ruined: Describes something (often a building or an organization) that is in a very poor, broken-down, or dysfunctional condition.
- Intimidated or frightened: Used to describe a state of being scared or cowed, typically in the context of frightening someone, especially children.
Verb (colloquial):
- To intimidate: To frighten or scare someone, making them feel timid or subdued.
Usage Examples
Adjective:
- Quả cà chua bị giẫm nát. (The tomato was crushed underfoot.)
- Tờ giấy bị xé nát. (The paper was torn to shreds.)
- Căn nhà trông rất nát. (The house looks very dilapidated.)
- Nội bộ công ty đó hiện nay nát lắm. (That company's internal affairs are in complete disarray now.)
Verb:
- Đừng có nát trẻ con như thế. (Don't intimidate children like that.)
Advanced Usage
"nát như tương": An idiom meaning "reduced to a pulp" or "mashed to a paste," used literally for food or figuratively to describe something analyzed or discussed in minute, exhaustive detail.
- Vấn đề đã được bàn nát như tương. (The issue has been discussed inside and out.)
"nát bét": An intensive colloquial adjective meaning "completely ruined," "totally smashed," or "in utter shambles."
- Chiếc xe sau vụ tai nạn nát bét. (The car was completely smashed after the accident.)
Variants and Related Words
Nhàu nát (adj): Crumpled and torn; thoroughly creased and damaged.
- Lá thư nhàu nát trong túi. (The letter was crumpled and torn in the pocket.)
Tan nát (adj): Shattered, broken to pieces (often used for emotions or abstract things like hearts, plans).
- Cô ấy có một trái tim tan nát. (She has a broken heart.)
Synonyms
- Crushed: Pressed with great force so as to break or destroy the structure.
- Dilapidated: In a state of disrepair or ruin.
- Pulverized: Reduced to fine particles.
- Intimidated: Frightened or made timid.
Related Idioms
- Nát như tương: See "Advanced Usage" above.
- Bàn nát ra: To discuss something meticulously and exhaustively.
- Họ bàn nát vấn đề mà vẫn không đi đến thống nhất. (They discussed the issue exhaustively but still couldn't reach an agreement.)