Definition

1. Noun:

   • A harrow: A farm tool pulled by an animal or machine, used to break up clods of earth, level soil, or remove weeds after plowing.

2. Verb:

   • To harrow: The action of using a harrow to break up, pulverize, and level soil, or to clear weeds.
   • To do something carelessly/rashly: To act or proceed in a hasty, thoughtless, or disorderly manner, without regard for correctness or consequences.

3. Adjective/Adverbial Particle (often follows a verb):

   • Topsy-turvy; in disorder: In a state of mess or disarray.
   • Rash; at random; haphazardly: Done without proper care, thought, or consideration.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Người nông dân kéo bừa ra đồng. (The farmer pulls the harrow to the field.)
• Verb (to harrow):
  • Họ vừa cày xong và đang bừa ruộng. (They have just finished plowing and are harrowing the field.)
• Verb (to do carelessly):
  • Đừng nói bừa nếu bạn không chắc chắn. (Don't speak rashly if you are not sure.)
• Adjective/Adverbial Particle:
  • Căn phòng bừa bộn đồ đạc. (The room is topsy-turvy with belongings.)
  • Anh ấy luôn làm việc một cách bừa bãi. (He always works in a haphazard manner.)

Advanced Usage

• "cày sâu bừa kỹ": An idiom meaning "to plow deep and harrow carefully," used literally in farming and figuratively to describe working on something thoroughly and meticulously.
  • Muốn có kết quả tốt, phải cày sâu bừa kỹ. (To get good results, you must work thoroughly.)

Variants and Related Words

• Bừa bãi (adj/adv): Messy, disorderly; in a slovenly way. Emphasizes a state of untidiness or careless behavior.
  • Sách vở để bừa bãi trên bàn. (Books and papers are left messily on the desk.)
• Làm bừa (verb phrase): To do something carelessly, just to get it done.
  • Nó không đọc đề bài, cứ thế làm bừa. (He didn't read the question, he just did it carelessly.)

Synonyms

• Noun: Harrow.
• Verb (farming): To till, to break up soil.
• Verb (careless action): To do sloppily, to guess randomly.
• Adjective/Adverb: Disorderly, messy, recklessly, arbitrarily.

Related Idioms

• Trả lời bừa: To give a random or guesswork answer.
  • Trong bài thi, cậu ấy không biết nên cứ trả lời bừa. (In the exam, he didn't know so he just gave random answers.)
• Bỏ bừa: To throw or leave things in disorder.
  • Đừng bỏ bừa quần áo trên sàn. (Don't leave clothes scattered on the floor.)

noun

1. Rake
   • kéo bừa
     to draw a rake
   • đóng bừa cải tiến
     to make improved rakes

verb

1. To rake
   • cày sâu bừa kỹ
     to plough deep and rake carefully

adj

1. Topsy-turvy
   • giấy má bỏ bừa trong ngăn kéo
     papers are topsy-turvy in the drawer
2. Rash, easy-going, (at) random
   • không hiểu chớ trả lời bừa
     when one is not clear, one should not give any rash answer