nhịn

Học thuật

Thân thiện

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Definition

Verb:
- To endure, to tolerate, to bear: To accept or withstand something unpleasant, painful, or difficult without complaining or fighting back.
- To go without, to abstain from, to forgo: To deliberately refrain from satisfying a need or desire, especially for food, drink, or other comforts.
- To suppress, to hold back: To restrain or prevent a natural impulse or reaction, such as laughter, tears, or anger.

Usage Examples

To endure/tolerate:
- Bị đánh mà chịu nhịn à? (Are you going to endure being beaten?)
- Họ phải nhịn sự bất công. (They have to tolerate the injustice.)
To go without/abstain from:
- Nhịn ăn để giảm cân. (To go without food to lose weight.)
- Anh ấy đang nhịn thuốc lá. (He is abstaining from smoking.)
To suppress/hold back:
- Cô ấy nhịn cười khi nghe câu chuyện hài. (She suppressed a laugh when she heard the funny story.)
- Đứa trẻ nhịn khóc rất tội nghiệp. (The child held back tears, which was very pitiful.)

Advanced Usage

"Nhịn nhục": To endure humiliation or suffering patiently and silently. This is a compound word combining "nhịn" and "nhục" (humiliation).
- Phải biết nhịn nhục trong một số tình huống. (One must know how to endure humiliation in some situations.)
"Nhịn đói": To go hungry, to starve. This is a compound word combining "nhịn" and "đói" (hungry).
- Người nghèo đôi khi phải nhịn đói. (The poor sometimes have to go hungry.)

Variants and Related Words

Chịu đựng (verb): To endure, to bear. A close synonym, often used in more formal contexts.
- Chịu đựng đau đớn. (To endure pain.)
Kiêng (verb): To abstain from, to avoid (often for health, religious, or superstitious reasons). While similar to "nhịn" in the context of abstaining, "kiêng" implies a rule or prohibition.
- Kiêng thịt bò khi bị ngứa. (To abstain from beef when having an itch.)
Kìm nén (verb): To restrain, to suppress (emotions, feelings). Similar to the "suppress" meaning of "nhịn".
- Kìm nén cơn giận. (To suppress anger.)

Synonyms

Chịu (verb): To bear, to accept (often unwillingly).
Cam chịu (verb): To resign oneself to, to accept passively.
Nhẫn (verb - literary/formal): To endure, to be patient (often found in compounds like "nhẫn nại" - patience).

Related Phrases (Verb + Object Combinations)

Related Idioms

"Nhịn đói nằm co hơn no vác nặng": (Proverb) It's better to go hungry and rest than to be full and carry heavy loads. Implies that peace of mind is better than stressful abundance.
"Một điều nhịn, chín điều lành": (Proverb) Forbearance in one matter brings nine good things. Similar to "turn the other cheek" or the idea that patience brings rewards.

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