chafe

/tʃeif/

Thân thiện

The dog's collar began to chafe its neck.

Definition

1. Verb:

   • To make sore or worn by rubbing: To cause irritation or damage to skin or a surface through repeated friction.
   • To feel irritation or annoyance: To become impatient, angry, or vexed, often due to a restriction or annoyance.
   • To warm by rubbing: To apply friction to generate heat.

2. Noun:

   • Soreness or irritation caused by rubbing: A state of skin being sore, red, or worn due to friction.
   • A feeling of annoyance or irritation: A state of mental irritation or impatience.

Usage Examples

• Verb (Physical Irritation):
  • The stiff collar began to chafe his neck.
  • Wool socks can chafe if they are too tight.
• Verb (Mental Irritation):
  • He chafed under the strict rules of the new manager.
  • She chafed at the delay, eager to begin her journey.
• Noun:
  • The hiker developed a painful chafe on his heel.
  • His constant complaints were a source of chafe to the entire team.

Advanced Usage

• "to chafe at the bit": To show impatience or irritation under restraint, eager to begin or act.
  • The young athlete chafed at the bit, waiting for his turn to compete.
• "to chafe against": To be irritated by or to rub physically against something.
  • The new policy chafed against the company's traditional values.

Variants and Related Words

• Chafing (n/adj): The act or result of causing friction or irritation.
  • Chafing can be prevented by using lubricants on the skin.

Synonyms

• Verb (Irritate): Irritate, annoy, vex, bother, grate.
• Verb (Rub): Abrade, scrape, rub, fray.
• Noun (Sore): Abrasion, sore, rub, irritation.

Related Phrasal Verbs / Constructions

• Chafe under: To feel irritated or constrained by a situation or authority.
  • The creative team chafed under the excessive bureaucracy.
• Chafe against: To physically rub or to be in conflict with.
  • The rope chafed against the rough edge of the dock.

Related Idioms

• Chafe at the bit: To be very impatient to start something.
  • The students were chafing at the bit for the summer holidays to begin.

Học thuật

Noun

1. anger produced by some annoying irritation
2. soreness and warmth caused by friction
   • he had a nasty chafe on his knee

Verb

1. warm by rubbing, as with the hands
2. cause friction
   • my sweater scratches
3. tear or wear off the skin or make sore by abrading
   • This leash chafes the dog's neck
4. cause annoyance in; disturb, especially by minor irritations
   • Mosquitoes buzzing in my ear really bothers me
   • It irritates me that she never closes the door after she leaves
5. feel extreme irritation or anger
   • He was chafing at her suggestion that he stay at home while she went on a vacation
6. become or make sore by or as if by rubbing

Từ đồng nghĩa

• annoyance
• vexation
• rub
• fray
• fret
• scratch
• excoriate
• gall