Definitions

1. Adjective:
   • Completely decomposed, thoroughly rotted: Describes organic matter, especially compost or manure, that has fully broken down into a stable, nutrient-rich, soil-like material with no recognizable original components.
   • Well-rotted, mature: Used to specify compost that is ready for use in gardening and agriculture, as it will not burn plants or deplete soil nitrogen.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:
  • Phân chuồng đã ủ hoai rất tốt cho cây trồng. (Well-rotted manure is very good for plants.)
  • Bạn nên sử dụng phân compost đã hoai mục để bón cho vườn. (You should use fully decomposed compost to fertilize the garden.)
  • Mùn này đã hoai hoàn toàn, không còn mùi hôi. (This humus is completely decomposed and has no foul odor.)

Advanced Usage

• "Ủ cho hoai" / "Ủ hoai": A common phrase meaning to compost until fully decomposed.
  • Lá cây cần được ủ cho hoai trước khi dùng làm phân bón. (Tree leaves need to be composted until fully rotted before being used as fertilizer.)

Variants and Related Words

• Hoai mục (adj): A synonym, often used together with "hoai" for emphasis, meaning thoroughly decomposed and rotten.
  • Phân hữu cơ hoai mục (well-rotted organic fertilizer)
• Mục (adj): Rotten, decayed. While "mục" can describe general decay (e.g., rotten wood), "hoai" specifically refers to the beneficial, complete decomposition of organic matter for agricultural use.

Synonyms

• Mục nát: Rotten, decayed (can have a more general or negative connotation).
• Phân hủy hoàn toàn: Completely decomposed (a descriptive phrase rather than a single word).

Notes on Meaning

• Specific Context: The word "hoai" is highly specific to agriculture, gardening, and composting. It is not used for general descriptions of decay or rotting food.
• Positive Connotation: Unlike words for rot like "thối" (to stink, putrid), "hoai" carries a positive, useful connotation, describing a valuable end product of the decomposition process.

1. [Be] Completely decomposed compost