nội

Thân thiện

Ông nội kể chuyện cho hai đứa cháu nghe.

Definition

1. Adjective:

   • Paternal (on the father's side): Refers to relatives connected through one's father.
   • Domestic; locally made: Refers to goods produced within the country, as opposed to imported.
   • Internal; inner: Refers to something located inside or within a specified boundary or time limit. (Now considered literary or formal.)

2. Noun (literary/archaic):

   • Field; meadow: An open area of land, often used in classical poetry.
   • Living quarters; residential area: The area where common people lived, often contrasted with the royal court.
   • Royal palace; imperial palace: The inner quarters of a king's or emperor's residence.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:

  • Ông nội tôi rất hiền. (My paternal grandfather is very kind.)
  • Chúng tôi ưu tiên dùng hàng nội. (We prioritize using domestically made goods.)
  • Công việc sẽ hoàn thành nội trong ngày hôm nay. (The work will be completed within today itself.)

• Noun (literary):

  • Buồn trông nội cỏ dàu dàu. (She looked melancholically at the field of withered grass.)
  • Trong triều ngoài nội đều biết tin. (Both the court and the common quarters knew the news.)

Advanced Usage

• "bên nội": Refers to one's paternal family or relatives.

  • Tôi về quê thăm bên nội. (I returned to my hometown to visit my paternal family.)

• "vào nội": To enter the royal palace (archaic).

  • Các quan vào nội chầu vua. (The mandarins entered the palace to attend upon the king.)

Variants and Related Words

• Nội trợ (v): To do housework; to be a homemaker.

  • Cô ấy đảm nhận việc nội trợ. (She takes care of the housework.)

• Nội bộ (n): Internal affairs; within an organization.

  • Đây là vấn đề nội bộ của công ty. (This is an internal matter of the company.)

• Nội dung (n): Content; subject matter.

  • Nội dung bài viết rất hay. (The content of the article is very good.)

Synonyms

• Paternal: Fatherly, on the father's side.
• Domestic: Local, homegrown.
• Internal: Inner, interior.
• Field (archaic): Meadow, grassland.

Related Idioms

• Trong triều ngoài nội: A classical phrase meaning "throughout the court and the common quarters," implying something is known by everyone, high and low.
  • Tin đồn lan ra trong triều ngoài nội. (The rumor spread throughout the court and the common quarters.)

Học thuật

1. (cũ,văn chương) Field.
   • "Buồn trong nội cỏ dàu dàu " (Nguyễn Du)
2. She looked melancholically at the field of withered grass.
3. (cũ) People's living quarters
   • Trong triều ngoài nội
     In the court and in the people's living quarter
4. Home-made
   • Hàng nội
     Home-made goods
5. Paternal, on the spear side
   • Gia đình bên nội
     One's family on the spear side, one's paternal family
   • Ông nội
     One's paternal grandfather
6. Royal (imperial) palace
   • Vào nội chầu vua
     To go to the royal palace and attend upon the king