rát
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Adjective:
- Burning, stinging, smarting: Describes a physical sensation on the skin or mucous membranes that feels hot, painful, and irritating, similar to a burn, scrape, or exposure to something spicy or acidic.
- Scorching, searing: Used to describe intense, burning heat, often from the sun or a fire.
Usage Examples
- Adjective:
- Ăn ớt xong, tôi thấy rát trong miệng. (After eating chili, I felt a burning sensation in my mouth.)
- Vết cạo râu làm da mặt tôi hơi rát. (The shaving cut left my face feeling slightly stinging.)
- Nắng trưa mùa hè thật rát. (The midday summer sun is truly scorching.)
Advanced Usage
"rát cổ bỏng họng": An idiom meaning "to shout oneself hoarse" or "to talk until one is blue in the face," emphasizing great effort in speaking that is often futile or ignored.
- Mẹ nói rát cổ bỏng họng mà đứa trẻ vẫn không nghe. (The mother talked until she was blue in the face, but the child still didn't listen.)
"ran rát": A reduplicative form that slightly softens the intensity, meaning "a slight stinging or smarting sensation."
- Sau khi rửa mặt bằng sữa rửa mặt mới, da tôi cảm thấy ran rát. (After washing my face with the new cleanser, my skin felt a slight stinging.)
"rát rạt": A reduplicative form that intensifies the meaning, implying a stronger, more severe burning or stinging sensation.
- Vết bỏng rát rạt khiến cô ấy không chịu nổi. (The searing burn was unbearable for her.)
Variants and Related Words
- Nhát (adj, dialectal): A regional synonym for "rát," meaning stinging or smarting.
- Rát bỏng (adj phrase): An intensified phrase meaning "burning hot" or "scalding."
Synonyms
- Nóng rát: Burning hot.
- Cay: Spicy/hot (often for taste, but can cause a similar sensation).
- Xót: Stinging (often from salt or antiseptic on a wound).
Related Phrases
- Đau rát (adj phrase): Aching and burning. Combines pain with the stinging sensation of "rát."
- Cô ấy cảm thấy đau rát ở vết thương. (She felt an aching, burning pain at the wound site.)
Related Idioms
- Rát cổ bỏng họng: As explained above, to shout or plead intensely and exhaustively, often with little result.
- Giáo viên rát cổ bỏng họng giải thích bài toán khó. (The teacher explained tirelessly the difficult math problem.)