sạt

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The Vietnamese word "sạt" has several meanings and uses, primarily related to the idea of something being taken away, lost, or damaged. Here’s a detailed explanation:

Basic Meaning

1. To Take Off or Damage: "Sạt" can describe a situation where something is taken off, damaged, or eroded. For example, it can refer to natural disasters affecting land or structures.

Usage Instructions

• You can use "sạt" in contexts related to loss, damage, or erosion, particularly in discussions about floods or economic loss.
• It often appears in phrases that describe the result of a flood or a financial loss.

Examples

1. Flood Context:

   • "Nước lũ phá sạt một mảng đê."
   • This shows how water can damage structures.

2. Financial Loss:

   • "Sạt hết vốn."
   • This indicates a total financial loss or bankruptcy.

3. Speed or Motion:

   • "Viên đạn sạt qua tai."
   • Here, "sạt" describes something moving quickly and closely.

Advanced Usage

• "Sạt" can be used metaphorically to discuss situations where someone might lose something significant, not just physically but also emotionally or financially.
• It can also imply losing an advantage or status in various contexts.

Word Variants

• There aren't specific variants of "sạt," but you might encounter related terms in different contexts, such as "sạt lở" (landslide) which emphasizes erosion and collapse.

Different Meanings

• In addition to its primary meanings, "sạt" can imply a sense of near miss, particularly in contexts where something is dangerously close to causing harm (like the bullet example).

Synonyms

• Hỏng: To be damaged.
• Mất: To lose.
• Bị cuốn trôi: To be swept away (often used in the context of water).

Academic

1. Take off part of
   • Nước lũ phá sạt một mảng đê
     Floods blew off part of the dyke
2. Lose all
   • Sạt hết vốn
     To lose all one's capital
3. Whiz past
   • Viên đạn sạt qua tai
     A bullet whizzed past one's ear