tụng
Definition
- Verb:
- To recite / to chant: To speak or repeat a text, especially a religious or liturgical one, aloud, often in a rhythmic or melodic manner. This is the primary meaning, most commonly associated with Buddhist sutras or prayers.
- To study aloud / to read repeatedly: To read something out loud multiple times, typically for the purpose of memorization, such as a lesson or text.
Usage Examples
- Verb:
- Các nhà sư tụng kinh mỗi sáng. (The monks chant sutras every morning.)
- Em bé tụng bài thơ cho cô giáo nghe. (The child recited the poem for the teacher.)
- Nó tụng đi tụng lại công thức toán. (He recited the math formula over and over.)
Advanced Usage
- "tụng niệm": to chant and meditate; a combined practice of recitation and mindfulness, common in Buddhism.
- Bà cụ thường tụng niệm Phật hiệu. (The old lady often chants Buddha's name in meditation.)
Variants and Related Words
Tụng đọc (v): a formal term for reciting or reading aloud.
- Tụng đọc danh sách người chiến thắng. (To read aloud the list of winners.)
Tụng ca (v): to sing praises, to glorify (often in a poetic or religious context).
- Bài hát tụng ca vẻ đẹp quê hương. (The song glorifies the beauty of the homeland.)
Synonyms
- Recite: to repeat aloud from memory.
- Chant: to sing or intone in a repetitive melody.
- Intone: to say or recite with little variation in pitch.
Related Idioms
- Tụng như vẹt: to recite like a parrot; to repeat something mechanically without understanding.
- Đừng chỉ học thuộc lòng và tụng như vẹt. (Don't just memorize and recite it like a parrot.)