hỗn

Thân thiện

Thằng bé hỗn với ông nội.

Definition

1. Adjective:
   • Impertinent, saucy, impudent: Describes a disrespectful, rude, or insolent attitude, especially from a younger or subordinate person toward an elder or superior. It implies a lack of proper manners and respect.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:
  • Thằng bé hỗn với người trên. (The boy is impertinent toward his superiors.)
  • Đừng có hỗn với bố mẹ! (Don't be impudent to your parents!)
  • Cô ấy bị phạt vì thái độ hỗn. (She was punished for her saucy attitude.)

Advanced Usage

• "ăn nói hỗn": to speak impudently.

  • Nó ăn nói hỗn với thầy giáo. (He spoke impudently to the teacher.)

• "hỗn hào": (a common compound) rude and insolent.

  • Thái độ hỗn hào của nó không thể chấp nhận được. (His rude and insolent attitude is unacceptable.)

Variants and Related Words

• Hỗn hào (adj): A stronger, more common synonym combining "hỗn" and "hào" (presumptuous), meaning blatantly disrespectful and insolent.
• Hỗn xược (adj): Another compound meaning audaciously impudent or brazenly disrespectful.

Synonyms

• Vô lễ: ill-mannered, lacking in courtesy.
• Xấc xược: insolent, cheeky.
• Thiếu lễ độ: lacking in respect.

Notes on Meaning

• The word "hỗn" almost exclusively describes a hierarchical disrespect—a younger person being rude to an elder, a student to a teacher, or a subordinate to a boss. It carries a strong moral and cultural judgment about violating social norms of respect.
• It is rarely, if ever, used to describe general rudeness between peers; for that, words like "thô lỗ" (coarse) or "bất lịch sự" (impolite) are more common.

Học thuật

1. Impertinent, saucy, impudent
   • Thằng bé hổn với người trên
     An impertinent boy toward his superiors