nôm

Thân thiện

Thơ nôm thường dùng để diễn đạt tình cảm một cách giản dị.

Definition

1. Noun:

   • Chữ Nôm: A historical logographic writing system used to transcribe the Vietnamese language. It adapted and created Chinese characters (Hán tự) to represent Vietnamese words and sounds.
   • Nôm script/language: The body of literature or text written in this script.

2. Adjective:

   • Simple / Vernacular: Describes language, poetry, or writing that is straightforward, easy to understand, and uses common, non-scholarly Vietnamese. Often contrasted with formal, classical Chinese (Hán).

Usage Examples

• Noun:

  • Truyện Kiều của Nguyễn Du được viết bằng chữ Nôm. (Nguyễn Du's The Tale of Kiều was written in Nôm script.)
  • Thơ Nôm là một di sản văn hóa quý giá. (Nôm poetry is a precious cultural heritage.)

• Adjective:

  • Lời giải thích rất nôm, ai cũng hiểu được. (The explanation is very simple; everyone can understand it.)
  • Ông ấy thích cách nói chuyện nôm na, dân dã. (He likes a plain, folksy way of talking.)

Advanced Usage

• "Nôm na": This is a common reduplicative form of the adjective, emphasizing simplicity and accessibility.
  • Hãy giải thích vấn đề một cách nôm na. (Please explain the issue in simple terms.)

Variants and Related Words

• Chữ Nôm (n): The Nôm writing system.
• Chữ Hán (n): Chinese characters as used in a Vietnamese context, often contrasted with Chữ Nôm.
• Quốc ngữ (n): The modern Vietnamese alphabet based on the Latin script, which replaced Chữ Nôm.

Synonyms

• Vernacular: (for the adjective) using the native, everyday language.
• Demotic: (for the noun, in a scholarly context) relating to the common form of a language.
• Plain / Simple: (for the adjective) easy to understand.

Related Concepts

• Hán-Nôm: A field of study encompassing both classical Chinese (Hán) and ancient Vietnamese (Nôm) texts.
• Nôm Literature: The corpus of literary works composed in the Nôm script, which flourished notably in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Học thuật

noun

1. Chinese-transcribed Vietnamese
   • thơ nôm
     poetry in Chinese-transcribed Vietnamese

adj

1. Prose-like, simple, easy to understand
   • câu văn nôm lắm
     a very simple sentence
2. In opposition to the Chinese's Hán language, Nôm (slantingly pronounced from "Nam") language belonged to Việt ethnic group. It borrowed the Hán hieroglyphic scripts to transcribe the Vietnamese language. Nôm language might appear in the 8th century. The memorable poems in Nôm language belonged to Hàn Thuyên and Nguyễn Sĩ Cố (in the late 13th century) The birth of Nôm language not only marked the Việt people's mature national consciousness, but also brought a brilliant development to the Vietnamese literature between the late 18th and early 19th centuries. For complication and imperfection, Nôm language was replaced by quốc ngữ (national language)