nhám
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Adjective:
- Rough; harsh; rugged: "nhám" describes a surface that is not smooth, often feeling coarse or uneven to the touch. It can also describe a texture or quality that is grating or unrefined.
- Gritty; abrasive: It can refer to a material's property of having small, hard particles, like sandpaper.
Usage Examples
- Adjective:
- Bề mặt tường này còn rất nhám. (The surface of this wall is still very rough.)
- Giấy nhám dùng để mài các bề mặt gỗ. (Sandpaper is used to sand wooden surfaces.)
- Giọng nói của anh ấy nghe hơi nhám. (His voice sounds a bit harsh/raspy.)
Advanced Usage
- "nhám nhám": Slightly rough; having a mild, attenuated roughness.
- Vải này nhám nhám nhưng vẫn khá dễ chịu. (This fabric is slightly rough but still quite comfortable.)
- Used to describe sensory experiences beyond touch, such as sound (a rough voice) or even abstract qualities like an unpolished manner.
Variants and Related Words
- Ráp: A synonym often used interchangeably with "nhám" to mean rough or coarse.
- Cá nhám: A compound word meaning "shark" (literally "rough fish"), derived from the rough skin of sharks.
- Giấy nhám: A compound noun meaning "sandpaper" or "emery paper".
Synonyms
- Xù xì: Uneven, rugged (often for surfaces).
- Gồ ghề: Bumpy, rugged (often for terrain).
- Thô: Coarse, crude.
Related Phrases
- Cảm giác nhám: A rough feeling/sensation.
- Chiếc áo len mới có cảm giác nhám. (The new wool sweater has a rough feel.)
- Mài cho nhám: To sand/grind until rough.
- Anh thợ mài cho nhám bề mặt trước khi sơn. (The craftsman sanded the surface until rough before painting.)
Notes on Meaning
- Primary Meaning: The core meaning relates to physical texture—a lack of smoothness.
- Extended Meaning: It can be applied metaphorically to describe sounds (a rough voice) or styles (an unpolished performance).
- Dialectal Note: "Nhám" is often considered a colloquial or dialectal variant of the more standard word "ráp".