đãi

Definition

Verb:
- To wash by panning or sifting: To separate heavier particles from lighter ones by washing in water, typically to extract valuable materials like gold or to clean grains.
- To treat, to entertain: To show hospitality by providing food, drink, or special treatment to someone.
- To give as a gift: To present someone with something, often as a token of goodwill or appreciation.

Usage Examples

Verb (to wash/pan):
- Người thợ mỏ đãi cát để tìm vàng. (The miner pans sand to find gold.)
- Trước khi nấu, cần đãi gạo cho sạch. (Before cooking, you need to wash the rice clean.)
Verb (to treat/entertain):
- Gia đình tôi đãi khách bằng những món ăn ngon. (My family treats guests with delicious food.)
- Công ty sẽ đãi nhân viên một bữa tiệc cuối năm. (The company will treat the employees to an end-of-year party.)
Verb (to give):
- Anh ấy đãi tôi một ly cà phê. (He gave me a cup of coffee.)

Advanced Usage

"Đãi ngộ": treatment (often in the context of how employees or people are treated).
- Chế độ đãi ngộ của công ty này rất tốt. (The treatment/benefits policy of this company is very good.)
"Đãi bôi": to entertain with food and drink in a superficial or insincere way.
- Lời hứa của họ chỉ là đãi bôi. (Their promise is just empty talk/entertainment.)

Variants and Related Words

Đãi đằng (verb): to treat, to receive (a guest). A more formal or old-fashioned term for hospitality.
- Cách đãi đằng khách khứa của ông ấy rất chu đáo. (His way of receiving guests is very thoughtful.)
Sàng đãi (verb): to sift and pan; often used together to describe the process of careful selection or purification.
- Quá trình sàng đãi nhân sự rất kỹ lưỡng. (The personnel screening and selection process is very thorough.)

Synonyms

Related Phrases (Phrasal Verbs)

Đãi cát tìm vàng (idiomatic phrase): Literally "to pan sand to find gold"; means to sift through a lot of ordinary things to find something precious or valuable.
- Công việc nghiên cứu đôi khi giống như đãi cát tìm vàng. (Research work is sometimes like panning sand for gold.)

Related Idioms

"Người dưng có ngãi thì đãi người dưng" (proverb): Literally "If a stranger has righteousness, treat the stranger"; means one should treat others well based on their virtue, not just their relationship to you.
"Đãi cỏ tìm cá" (idiom): Literally "to part the grass to look for fish"; means to engage in a futile or hopeless search.

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