Definition

1. Verb:
   • To give a handicap or advantage: To voluntarily accept a disadvantage or grant an advantage to an opponent in a competition or game to make it more equal or challenging.
   • To defy or confront: To face or oppose someone or something, often against greater odds or without necessary conditions.
   • To accept or grant (a request): To agree to or approve something, such as a formal application or plea.
   • To resent or bear a grudge: To take offense at or hold something against someone; to be upset by a minor issue.

Usage Examples

• Verb:
  • Anh ấy chấp tôi một con xe trong ván cờ. (He gave me a rook handicap in the chess game.)
  • Một người chấp ba người mà vẫn thắng. (One man defied three and still won.)
  • Tòa án đã chấp đơn kháng cáo. (The court accepted the appeal petition.)
  • Nó chỉ nói đùa thôi, đừng chấp. (He was just joking, don't take offense.)

Advanced Usage

• The word "chấp" is often used in competitive contexts (sports, games) to describe a formal or agreed-upon handicap.
• In confrontational contexts, it implies a bold or even reckless willingness to face a stronger opponent.
• When meaning "to resent," it is commonly used in negative constructions (e.g., - don't hold a grudge) to advise against taking minor slights seriously.

Variants and Related Words

• Bất chấp (preposition/verb): To defy, to disregard, to be in spite of.

  • Anh ấy vẫn tiếp tục công việc, bất chấp khó khăn. (He continued his work, defying all difficulties.)

• Chấp nhận (verb): To accept (a situation, fact, or outcome). This is a more common and general term for acceptance than "chấp" alone.

  • Cô ấy chấp nhận lời xin lỗi. (She accepted the apology.)

• Chấp hành (verb): To obey, to comply with (laws, rules).

  • Mọi công dân phải chấp hành luật pháp. (All citizens must obey the law.)

Synonyms

• To handicap: To give an advantage in a contest.
• To defy: To resist boldly or openly.
• To accept: To receive or agree to something.
• To resent: To feel bitterness or indignation.

Related Idioms and Phrases

• Chấp làm gì: (Why) take offense? / Don't hold a grudge.

  • Nó còn trẻ con, chấp làm gì. (He's just a child, why take offense?)

• Chấp nhất: To be petty; to take trivial matters to heart.

  • Anh ấy hay chấp nhất những chuyện nhỏ. (He often gets upset over small things.)

verb

1. To give some handicap
   • chấp bạn mười mét trong cuộc chạy thi 100 mét mà vẫn thắng
2. To defy
   • một người chấp ba người
     one man defies three
   • chấp mọi khó khăn
     to defy all difficulties
3. To accept, to grant
   • chấp đơn
     to accept (grant) a request
4. To resent, to have a grudge against
   • nó lỡ lời, chấp làm gì
     it was a slip of his tongue, don't have a grudge against him
   • chấp làm gì lời nói của trẻ con