giằm

Học thuật

Thân thiện

Mẹ dùng cái chày để giằm ớt trong cối.

Definition

Verb:
- To crush, to mash, to pound: To reduce something into small pieces or a paste by applying strong pressure, hitting, or grinding. This action is often done with a pestle, hammer, or by stepping on something.
- To embed a splinter: To cause a sharp, thin piece of wood, glass, or metal to pierce and stick into the skin or flesh.

Usage Examples

Verb (To crush/mash):
- Bà ấy giằm ớt để làm tương ớt. (She is mashing chilies to make chili sauce.)
- Người nông dân giằm đất cho thật nát trước khi gieo hạt. (The farmer pounds the soil until it's very fine before sowing seeds.)
Verb (To embed a splinter):
- Tôi bị giằm một mảnh gỗ vào chân. (I got a wood splinter embedded in my foot.)
- Cẩn thận kẻo bị giằm kính. (Be careful not to get glass splinters.)

Advanced Usage

"giằm nát": to crush completely, to pulverize.
- Cơn giận giằm nát trái tim anh ấy. (The anger crushed his heart completely.)
"giằm xì" (slang, less common): to suppress, to squash (often used figuratively).
- Âm mưu đó đã bị giằm xì ngay từ đầu. (That plot was squashed right from the start.)

Variants and Related Words

Giập (verb): Often used interchangeably with "giằm" in the sense of crushing or bruising (e.g., - to crush/bruise a finger). "Giập" more commonly refers to the state of being crushed/bruised, while "giằm" emphasizes the action.
Mảnh giằm (noun phrase): A splinter, a shard.
- Lấy cái mảnh giằm ra khỏi tay. (Remove the splinter from the hand.)
Nện (verb): To pound, to beat. A synonym for the crushing action of "giằm".
Tán (verb): To grind, to crush into powder. A more specific type of "giằm".

Synonyms

Nghiền: To grind, to crush (often to a finer consistency than "giằm").
Giã: To pound (typically in a mortar with a pestle, like "giã tỏi" - to pound garlic).
Đâm (for the splinter meaning): To pierce, to stab.

Related Phrases (Phrasal Verbs)

Bị giằm: To be stuck with a splinter; to be crushed (passive voice).
- Anh ta bị giằm ở lòng bàn chân. (He got a splinter in the sole of his foot.)
Làm giằm: To make into splinters; to crush something.
- Vụ nổ làm giằm cửa kính. (The explosion shattered the glass door into splinters.)

Related Idioms

Giằm thịt nát xương: (To crush flesh and shatter bones) An idiom describing extreme physical destruction or brutal beating.
- Cú đấm như muốn giằm thịt nát xương. (The punch felt like it wanted to crush flesh and shatter bones.)
Giằm vào lòng: (To be embedded in the heart) A figurative expression meaning a memory, sorrow, or thought is deeply and painfully fixed in one's mind.
- Nỗi buồn ấy giằm vào lòng cô ấy. (That sorrow is embedded in her heart.)

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