lừng

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The Vietnamese word "lừng" has a few meanings and can be used in different contexts. Here’s a simple explanation for new learners:

Basic Meaning

1. Resound / Fame: "Lừng" is often used to describe something that is famous or well-known, spreading widely. For example, when someone has great fame, we might say their fame "lừng khắp mọi nơi," which means "his fame resounded everywhere."

2. Pervade / Diffuse: It can also refer to something that spreads out or fills a space, like a fragrance. For instance, "mùi hoa sen thơ lừng khắp cánh đồng" means "the lotos' fragrance pervaded all the fields."

Usage Instructions

• Use "lừng" when talking about something that is widely known or recognized (like fame).
• Use it also when describing scents or qualities that fill an area or space.

Examples

• Fame Context:

  • "Diễn viên này đã trở thành ngôi sao lừng lẫy." (This actor has become a famous star.)

• Fragrance Context:

  • "Mùi hương của hoa nhài lừng lẫy trong không khí." (The fragrance of jasmine pervaded the air.)

Advanced Usage

• In literature or poetry, "lừng" can be used more figuratively to describe emotions or atmospheres that fill a space or resonate deeply.
  • Example: "Nỗi buồn lừng lẫy trong căn phòng tối." (The sadness pervaded the dark room.)

Word Variants

• "Lừng lẫy": This is a more emphatic version, often used to describe something or someone very famous or impressive, like a celebrity or a notable achievement.

Different Meanings

• While the primary meanings relate to fame and diffusion, "lừng" can sometimes imply a strong presence or impact in various contexts.

Synonyms

• For Fame: "nổi tiếng" (famous), "lừng danh" (renowned)
• For Pervade: "tràn ngập" (overflowing), "lan tỏa" (spreading)

Conclusion

In summary, "lừng" is a versatile word in Vietnamese that can describe fame that spreads widely or a scent that fills a space.

Academic

1. Resound
   • tiếng tăm lừng khắp mọi nơi
     His fame resounded everywhere
2. Pervade, diffuse
   • mùi hoa sen thơ lừng khắp cánh đồng
     the lotos' fragrance. pervaded all the fields