ủ

Definition

Verb:
- To cover or wrap to retain warmth: To place a covering over something, especially food, to keep it warm.
- To ferment or cure: To store something under specific conditions (e.g., warmth, darkness) to allow a process like fermentation, ripening, or decomposition to occur.
- To anneal (metallurgy): To heat metal or an alloy and then cool it slowly to increase its ductility and reduce internal stress.
- To be sullen or gloomy (of facial expression): To have a sad, downcast, or melancholic appearance.
Adjective:
- Sullen; gloomy; drooping: Describing a state of being wilted (for plants) or appearing sad and dejected (for a person's demeanor).

Usage Examples

Verb:
- Mẹ ủ nồi cơm để giữ ấm. (Mother covered the rice pot to keep it warm.)
- Người ta ủ đậu nành để làm tương. (People ferment soybeans to make soybean paste.)
- Thép cần được ủ để dễ gia công hơn. (Steel needs to be annealed to be more workable.)
- Cô ấy ngồi ủ rũ một mình. (She sat alone, looking sullen.)
Adjective:
- Những bông hoa này đã ủ vì thiếu nước. (These flowers have wilted due to lack of water.)
- Anh ấy có vẻ mặt ủ mày chau. (He has a gloomy and frowning face.)

Advanced Usage

"Ủ bệnh": To incubate an illness.
- Cậu bé đang ủ bệnh sốt rét. (The boy is incubating malaria.)
"Ủ rượu": To brew or ferment alcohol.
- Ông ấy có bí quyết ủ rượu nếp rất ngon. (He has a secret for fermenting very delicious glutinous rice wine.)

Variants and Related Words

Ủ ấm (v): To keep warm by covering.
- Hãy ủ ấm cho em bé. (Please keep the baby warm by wrapping.)
Ủ héo (v/adj): To wilt; to become wilted.
- Rau để lâu ngoài nắng sẽ bị ủ héo. (Vegetables left in the sun will wilt.)

Synonyms

Related Idioms

Mặt ủ mày chau: To have a gloomy and worried countenance; to look sullen and frowning.
- Nghe tin buồn, anh ấy mặt ủ mày chau cả ngày. (Hearing the sad news, he looked sullen and frowning all day.)
Ủ ê trong lòng: To be deeply saddened or troubled in one's heart.
- Sự thất bại khiến cô ấy ủ ê trong lòng. (The failure left her deeply saddened.)

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