cấm

Thân thiện

Có biển báo cấm đỗ xe trên con phố này.

Definition

1. Verb:

   • To forbid, to prohibit, to ban: To officially or authoritatively state that something must not be done, used, or entered.
   • To seal off, to place out of bounds: To restrict access to a place or area.

2. Adverb:

   • Never (in a prohibitive sense): Used to form a strong negative command or a rule, often seen on signs. It translates to "Do not..." or "No...ing".

Usage Examples

• Verb:
  • Luật cấm hành vi này. (The law prohibits this act.)
  • Bác sĩ cấm bệnh nhân hút thuốc. (The doctor forbade the patient to smoke.)
  • Chính quyền cấm con đường đó vì công trình. (The authorities sealed off that road due to construction.)
• Adverb (on signs/rules):
  • Cấm hút thuốc. (No smoking.)
  • Cấm đỗ xe. (No parking.)
  • Cấm vào. (Do not enter. / No entry.)

Advanced Usage

• "cấm cửa": To ban someone from entering a place (e.g., a house, establishment).
  • Anh ta bị cấm cửa quán bar vì gây rối. (He was banned from the bar for causing trouble.)
• "cấm vận": To impose an embargo or sanctions.
  • Nước đó đang bị cấm vận về vũ khí. (That country is under an arms embargo.)

Variants and Related Words

• Cấm đoán (v): To forbid or prohibit, often with a nuance of being restrictive or meddlesome.
  • Cha mẹ cấm đoán con cái quá mức. (Parents forbid their children excessively.)
• Cấm túc (v): To impose a curfew or confinement (e.g., in a school or monastery).
  • Học sinh nội trú bị cấm túc sau 10 giờ tối. (Boarding students are confined to campus after 10 PM.)

Synonyms

• Forbid: To command against an action.
• Prohibit: To formally forbid by law, rule, or authority.
• Ban: To officially or legally prohibit.
• Bar: To prevent or forbid entry or access.

Related Idioms

• Cấm kỵ: A taboo; something that is strictly forbidden by social custom or belief.
  • Đó là một điều cấm kỵ trong văn hóa của họ. (That is a taboo in their culture.)
• Phòng cấm: A forbidden chamber or private quarters (often in a royal context).
  • Không ai được vào phòng cấm của nhà vua. (No one is allowed into the king's private chambers.)

Học thuật

verb

1. To forbid, to prohibit, to ban
   • cấm người qua lại
     crossing prohibited, no crossing
   • cấm hút thuốc trong rạp hát
     it is forbidden to smoke in theatres; no smoking in theatres
   • cấm lửa
     it is forbidden to use anything which may kindle a fire; beware of danger of fire; danger of fire!
   • sách cấm
     a banned book
2. To seal off, to place out of bounds
   • cấm đường
     to seal off a road
   • rừng cấm
     a forest out of bounds; a preserved forest

adv

1. None