cụ
- Noun:
- Great-grandparent: A person who is the parent of one's grandparent.
- Elderly person: A respectful term used to address or refer to an old person, showing reverence for their age.
Noun (Great-grandparent):
- Cụ tôi đã sống qua hai thế kỷ. (My great-grandparent lived through two centuries.)
- Chúng tôi về quê thăm cụ. (We returned to our hometown to visit our great-grandparent.)
Noun (Elderly person):
- Cụ ngồi đây đã lâu chưa? (Have you been sitting here for long, sir/ma'am?)
- Mọi người trong làng đều kính trọng cụ. (Everyone in the village respects the elder.)
"Kính cụ": A polite phrase meaning "Respectfully to you, elder" or used to preface a respectful statement to an old person.
- Kính cụ, xin mời cụ dùng trà. (Respected elder, please have some tea.)
"Cụ ông" / "Bà cụ": Specific terms for an elderly man ("cụ ông") or an elderly woman ("bà cụ").
- Cụ ông ấy năm nay đã ngoài chín mươi. (That elderly gentleman is over ninety years old.)
- Bà cụ bán hàng rất tử tế. (The old lady selling goods is very kind.)
Cụ kị (n): A more specific term for a great-great-grandparent or a very distant ancestor.
- Câu chuyện này được kể lại từ đời cụ kị. (This story has been passed down from the time of our ancestors.)
Cụ thể (adj): This is a separate, common word meaning "concrete" or "specific". It is not a variant of "cụ" but a homophone.
- Anh ấy cần một kế hoạch cụ thể. (He needs a concrete plan.)
Ông cố / Bà cố (n): Great-grandfather / Great-grandmother. These are more literal and familial terms.
- Bà cố tôi rất thích làm vườn. (My great-grandmother really liked gardening.)
Bô lão (n): Venerable elders (often used collectively).
- Các bô lão trong làng họp bàn việc lớn. (The village elders gathered to discuss important matters.)
Tiên cụ (n): A term for a deceased great-grandparent or ancestor.
- Chúng tôi thắp hương tưởng nhớ các tiên cụ. (We light incense to remember our ancestors.)
Cụ non: An ironic or humorous term for a young person who acts or dresses like an old person.
- Cậu mặc thế trông như cụ non ấy. (Dressed like that, you look like a "young elder".)
- Kính lão đắc thọ: An idiom meaning "Respecting the elderly brings longevity." It reflects the cultural value associated with terms like "cụ".
- Người Việt có câu "kính lão đắc thọ". (Vietnamese people have the saying "respecting the elderly brings longevity.")