Definition

1. Verb:
   • To compete, to vie, to rival: "Ganh" means to strive to gain an advantage over others, to engage in competition or rivalry, often in a direct, head-to-head manner.
   • To be jealous/envious (in a competitive sense): It can imply a sense of competitive jealousy, where one feels envious of another's success or possessions and strives to match or surpass them.

Usage Examples

• Verb:
  • Hai công ty đó luôn ganh nhau trên thị trường. (Those two companies are always vying with each other in the market.)
  • Cậu ấy ganh tị với thành công của bạn mình. (He is jealous/envious of his friend's success.)
  • Các học sinh ganh nhau học tập để đạt điểm cao. (The students compete with each other in studying to get high scores.)

Advanced Usage

• "Ganh đua": This is a compound verb meaning "to compete fiercely" or "to engage in a rivalry." It intensifies the sense of competition in "ganh."
  • Cuộc ganh đua giữa hai vận động viên rất căng thẳng. (The rivalry between the two athletes is very tense.)
• "Ganh ghét": This compound verb means "to be jealous and spiteful/hateful." It combines the competitive envy of "ganh" with malice.
  • Đừng ganh ghét vì người khác giàu có hơn mình. (Don't be jealous and spiteful because others are richer than you.)

Variants and Related Words

• Ganh tị (verb): To be jealous/envious. Often used similarly to "ganh" but can emphasize the feeling more than the active competition.
  • Anh ta có vẻ ganh tị với chiếc xe mới của tôi. (He seems envious of my new car.)
• Sự ganh đua (noun): Competition, rivalry.
  • Sự ganh đua trong kinh doanh là rất khốc liệt. (The competition in business is very fierce.)
• Đua ganh (verb, less common): A variant order meaning to compete, to vie.

Synonyms

• Cạnh tranh: To compete (often in business or formal contexts).
• Tranh đua: To contend, to strive in competition.
• Đố kỵ: To be envious, jealous (often with a negative, resentful connotation).

Related Phrases (Phrasal Verbs)

• Ganh nhau làm gì: An idiomatic rhetorical question meaning "Why compete/vie over something?" or "What's the point of competing?"
  • Ganh nhau làm gì, mỗi người có một thế mạnh riêng. (Why vie with each other? Each person has their own strengths.)

Related Idioms

• Ganh ăn, ganh mặc: To compete/be jealous over food and clothing. This idiom describes pettiness or competing over trivial, material things.
  • Họ là chị em mà suốt ngày ganh ăn, ganh mặc. (They are sisters but are always jealous of each other over food and clothes.)
• Ganh đua hơn thua: To compete to see who is better, to engage in a one-upmanship rivalry.
  • Mối quan hệ của họ chỉ toàn là ganh đua hơn thua. (Their relationship is nothing but constant rivalry over who is better.)

1. Vie, compete
   • ganh nhau học tập
     to vie with one another in learning